This is an unofficial archive of PsychonautWiki as of 2025-08-08T03:33:20Z. Content on this page may be outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. Please refer to the original page for the most up-to-date information.
{{decree|type=notice|message=This article is in the 'Talk' namespace because it is an unfinished draft. This section is used to host drafts for unpublished articles as well as discussions for published ones. If you'd like to use this area to discuss this draft, please do so in the 'Discussion' section at the very bottom of the page. This notice will be removed once this draft has been approved for publication by an administrator.}}
{{headerpanel|{{Approval}}}}
{{headerpanel|{{Approval}}}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SubstanceBox/Example}}
{{SubstanceBox/2-MMC}}
'''2-Methylmethcathinone''' (also known as '''2-MMC''', '''Ortho''' or '''Orthomephedrone''') is a novel lesser-known stimulant-entactogen substance of the [[cathinones|cathinone]] class that induces feelings of [[physical euphoria|euphoria]], and [[stimulation]]. It is related to other substituted cathinones like for example [[3-MMC]] or [[4-MMC]] (Mephedrone). The mechanism of action is not fully studied, but [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]] and [[norepinephrine]] releasing activity is known to be involved.
<!-- Please ensure that any new substance articles are first published in the 'Talk' namespace. For example, a new article on substance XYZ should have the title "Talk: XYZ" instead of "XYZ". Once the submitted article has been reviewed and determined to meet the guidelines and standards, it will be published by a staff member. -->
2-MMC is shown to be more dopaminergic and less serotonergic compared to [[MDMA]]. This profile makes it more stimulating and less empathogenic, similar to that of [[Amphetamine]].
For tips on how to properly format a substance article, please refer to this document: [[Content Style Guide - Substance]]
[[Subjective effects]] include [[stimulation]], [[anxiety suppression]], [[empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement|enhanced empathy and sociability]], [[muscle relaxation|relaxation]], [[increased libido]], [[increased music appreciation]] and [[euphoria]]. The effects are reported to be a mix of amphetamine and a cocaine-like stimulation rush with a lighter version of MDMA euphoria.
It is highly advised to use [[ harm reduction practices]] if using this substance as it has a very short history of use.
==History and culture==
==History and culture==
{{historyStub}}
It was first identified in Sweden in May 2014.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/1018/TDAN15001ENN.pdf | title = Europol 2014 Annual Report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA | publisher = European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction | date = 10 May 2005 }}</ref>. Until recently, it had beeen an obscure substance, unclassified in many countries. Cases of its use were sporadic. However, since the Dutch ban on 3-MMC, the sale and use of 2-MMC became prevalent in the Netherlands.{{Citation needed}}
==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
{{chemistry}}
2-Methylmethcathinone's chemical name is 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one and is a cathinone derivative, which is a synthetic form of phenylethylamines. 2-MMC has a cathinone which is substituted with a methyl group at the 2 position which makes it a structural isomer of Metaphedrone.
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{pharmacology}}
{{pharmacology}}
==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{effects/base
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
|{{effects/physical|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's physical effects may be included here.
You may select physical effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Physical effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect:Stimulation]]'''
*'''[[Effect:Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect:Heartbeat increase]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - Orthomephedrone is reported to be extremely energetic and stimulating in a fashion that is similar to that of [[MDMA]] or at higher dosages [[Amphetamine]] but stronger than that of [[modafinil]] or [[caffeine]]. It encourages physical activities like running, walking, or dancing which would otherwise be boring. The particular style of stimulation which orthomephedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in extreme shaking of the entire body, unsteadiness of the hands, and a general lack of motor control.
**'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' - 2-MMC increases heart rate mildly to moderately compared to other stimulants.
*'''[[Effect::Vasoconstriction]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dry mouth]]'''
**'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' - Higher doses of orthomephedrone can result in a burning-like sensation when urinating, or an overall difficulty peeing. An effect that is completely temporary and thought to be harmless.
*'''[[Effect::Mouth numbing]]''' - Particularly when insufflated, leaves a numbing sensation in one's throat.
*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - At overly high dosages or binging a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].
*'''[[Effect::Frequent urination]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tactile intensification]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Restless leg syndrome]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Orgasm depression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Temporary erectile dysfunction]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is a very rare effect but can likely happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, undernourished, overheated, fatigued or when combining with other substances that lower the seizure threshold.
}}
}}
{{effects/visual|
{{effects/visual|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's visual effects may be included here.
*'''[[Effect::Double vision]]''' - At overly high dosages, often accompied by *'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' also known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].
You may select visual effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Visual effects|here]].
====Enhancements====
*'''[[Effect::Visual acuity effect1]]'''
====Distortions====
*'''[[Effect::Visual distortion effect1]]'''
====[[Effect::Geometry]]====
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary describing the visual geometry produced by the substance may be included here.
====Hallucinatory states====
If applicable, a brief summary of the substance's visual effects profile may be written here.
*'''[[Effect::Hallucinatory states1]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/cognitive|
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's cognitive effects may be included here.
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]
*'''[[Effect::Amnesia]]''' - Heavy doses, and overdoses can cause partial or complete amnesia.
You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Cognitive effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Compulsive redosing]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enchancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Disinhibition]]
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement]]
*'''[[Effect::Ego inflation]]
*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]''' - 2-MMC's positional isomer [[4-MMC]] has been shown to negatively impact short-term memory<ref>https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0045473</ref> and 2-MMC itself anecdotally is said to have immediate disruptive effects on memory.
*'''[[Effect::Motivation enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Delirium]]''' & '''[[Effect::Confusion]]''' - This effect typically only occurs with overly high doses, and is associated with temperature dysregulation, sleep deprivation and overheating, particularly when 2-MMC is taken in crowded, physically strenuous environments that leaves the user unable to cool off, rest, or rehydrate adequately.
*'''[[Effect::Psychosis]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion|Time compression]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are commonly produced by 2-MMC and speed up the experience of time noticeably.
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/auditory|
{{effects/aftereffects|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's auditory effects may be included here.
The effects which occur during the [[offset]] of a [[stimulant]] experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its [[peak]]. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of [[neurotransmitter]] depletion. Its effects commonly include:
You may select from a list of auditory effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Auditory effects|here]].
The "comedown" on 2-MMC is reported to be a smooth and clear gradual return to sobriety rather than a crash, which, by users is reported to be a lot less uncomfortable than traditional stimulant crash.
*'''[[Effect::Auditory effect2]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/multisensory|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's multisensory effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of multisensory effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Multisensory effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Multisensory effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Multisensory effect2]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/transpersonal|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's transpersonal effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of transpersonal effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Transpersonal effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Transpersonal effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Transpersonal effect2]]'''
}}
}}
===Experience reports===
===Experience reports===
There are currently {{#ask:[[Category:SUBSTANCE]][[Category:Experience]] | format=count}} experience reports which describe the effects of this substance in our [[experience index]].
*'''[[Cocaine]]''' - This combination may increase strain on the heart.
==Legal status==
==Legal status==
{{LegalStub}}
*'''Germany''': 2-MMC is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 19, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of November 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl116s2615.pdf#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl116s2615.pdf%27%5D__1576017393518|title=Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Verbreitung neuer psychoaktiver Stoffe|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 19, 2019|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 19, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Poland''': Illegal in Poland, the substance is not included in the list of groups of psychotropic substances, however, it falls under the group of psychotropic substances of group I-P as isomer of 3-MMC (metaphedrone) and 4-MMC (mephedrone).
It may contain incorrect information, particularly with respect to dosage, duration, subjective effects, toxicity and other risks. It may also not meet PW style and grammar standards.
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
2-Methylmethcathinone (also known as 2-MMC, Ortho or Orthomephedrone) is a novel lesser-known stimulant-entactogen substance of the cathinone class that induces feelings of euphoria, and stimulation. It is related to other substituted cathinones like for example 3-MMC or 4-MMC (Mephedrone). The mechanism of action is not fully studied, but dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine releasing activity is known to be involved.
2-MMC is shown to be more dopaminergic and less serotonergic compared to MDMA. This profile makes it more stimulating and less empathogenic, similar to that of Amphetamine.
It was first identified in Sweden in May 2014.[1]. Until recently, it had beeen an obscure substance, unclassified in many countries. Cases of its use were sporadic. However, since the Dutch ban on 3-MMC, the sale and use of 2-MMC became prevalent in the Netherlands.[citation needed]
Chemistry
2-Methylmethcathinone's chemical name is 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one and is a cathinone derivative, which is a synthetic form of phenylethylamines. 2-MMC has a cathinone which is substituted with a methyl group at the 2 position which makes it a structural isomer of Metaphedrone.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
Stimulation - Orthomephedrone is reported to be extremely energetic and stimulating in a fashion that is similar to that of MDMA or at higher dosages Amphetamine but stronger than that of modafinil or caffeine. It encourages physical activities like running, walking, or dancing which would otherwise be boring. The particular style of stimulation which orthomephedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in extreme shaking of the entire body, unsteadiness of the hands, and a general lack of motor control.
Difficulty urinating - Higher doses of orthomephedrone can result in a burning-like sensation when urinating, or an overall difficulty peeing. An effect that is completely temporary and thought to be harmless.
Mouth numbing - Particularly when insufflated, leaves a numbing sensation in one's throat.
Vibrating vision - At overly high dosages or binging a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as nystagmus.
Seizure - This is a very rare effect but can likely happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, undernourished, overheated, fatigued or when combining with other substances that lower the seizure threshold.
Memory suppression - 2-MMC's positional isomer 4-MMC has been shown to negatively impact short-term memory[2] and 2-MMC itself anecdotally is said to have immediate disruptive effects on memory.
Delirium & Confusion - This effect typically only occurs with overly high doses, and is associated with temperature dysregulation, sleep deprivation and overheating, particularly when 2-MMC is taken in crowded, physically strenuous environments that leaves the user unable to cool off, rest, or rehydrate adequately.
The effects which occur during the offset of a stimulant experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its peak. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of neurotransmitter depletion. Its effects commonly include:
The "comedown" on 2-MMC is reported to be a smooth and clear gradual return to sobriety rather than a crash, which, by users is reported to be a lot less uncomfortable than traditional stimulant crash.
{{{2}}}
Experience reports
There are currently 1 experience reports describing the effects of this substance in our experience index. You can also submit your own experience report using the same link.
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.
As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
Like other cathinones, 2-MMC remains a highly addictive substance
Dangerous interactions
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
]] & ]] - 25x compounds are highly stimulating and physically straining. Combinations with 2-MMC should be strictly avoided due to the risk of excessive stimulation and heart strain. This can result in increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, panic attacks, thought loops, seizures, and heart failure in extreme cases.
]] - Combining alcohol with stimulants can be dangerous due to the risk of accidental over-intoxication. Stimulants mask alcohol's depressant effects, which is what most people use to assess their degree of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the depressant effects will be left unopposed, which can result in blackouts and severe respiratory depression. If mixing, the user should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
]] - Combinations with DXM should be avoided due to its inhibiting effects on serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. There is an increased risk of panic attacks and hypertensive crisis, or serotonin syndrome with serotonin releasers (MDMA, methylone, mephedrone, etc.). Monitor blood pressure carefully and avoid strenuous physical activity.
]] - Any neurotoxic effects of MDMA are likely to be increased when other stimulants are present. There is also a risk of excessive blood pressure and heart strain (cardiotoxicity).
]] - Some reports suggest combinations with MXE may dangerously increase blood pressure and increase the risk of mania and psychosis.
]] - Both classes carry a risk of delusions, mania and psychosis, and these risk may be multiplied when combined.
]] - Tramadol is known to lower the seizure threshold[3] and combinations with stimulants may further increase this risk.
Cocaine - This combination may increase strain on the heart.
Legal status
Germany: 2-MMC is controlled under the NpSG (New Psychoactive Substances Act)[4] as of November 26, 2016.[5] Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.[6]
Poland: Illegal in Poland, the substance is not included in the list of groups of psychotropic substances, however, it falls under the group of psychotropic substances of group I-P as isomer of 3-MMC (metaphedrone) and 4-MMC (mephedrone).
↑Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). "Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. eISSN1937-6995. ISSN1556-9039. OCLC163567183.
↑"Anlage NpSG" (in Deutsch). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
