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[[category:Deliriant hallucinations]]
[[File:deliriants.png|300px|right|thumb|''Deliriants by [[Anonymous]] [http://boards.420chan.org/deli/ DEL] user'' - This image represents the sinister external hallucinations commonly induced by [[deliriant]]s.]]
'''External hallucinations''' occur as imagined visual concepts and occurrences which display themselves seamlessly into the external environment as if they were actually happening. They can be broken down into 3 basic levels:
<onlyinclude>
An '''external hallucination''' is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.<ref name="ObreshkovaKandilarov2017">Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf</ref><ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003">{{cite journal|last1=Gauntlett-Gilbert|first1=Jeremy|last2=Kuipers|first2=Elizabeth|title=PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS|journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=191|issue=3|year=2003|pages=203–205|issn=0022-3018|doi=10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02}}</ref> This is in stark contrast to [[internal hallucinations]], such as [[dreams]], that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.


#'''Erratic hallucinations''' - The lowest level of hallucination generally consists of visual snow and static, movement in the peripheral vision, and/or ill defined, fleeting hallucinations which disappear once a person double takes.
This effect is capable of manifesting itself across the 4 different levels of intensity described below:
#'''Vaguely defined hallucinations''' - At this level the hallucinations are visible within one's direct line of sight but are not fully defined in their appearance. This means that although visible, they do not look completely detailed and are often blurry or semi-translucent with little if any colour.
#'''Partially defined hallucinations''' - At this level the hallucinations increase into a high enough amount of detail and vividness to extend beyond transparent, colourless or blurry manifestations. However, they still remain unconvincing and do not quite live of to the detail of completely realistic and convincing hallucinations.
#'''Fully defined hallucinations''' - As the vividness and intensity increases, the trip eventually becomes comprised of completely realistic and static hallucinations. These are generally considered by those who have experienced them to be completely convincing in their appearance.


The more unfamiliar with the external environment one is, the more this effect will be likely to manifest itself. Cluttered areas also tend to produce more external hallucinations. As far as lighting goes, either a dark or dim room is optimum. Darkness produces much more hallucinations but the light present in a dim room will make you see less (though more detailed) hallucinations.
#'''Fleeting hallucinations''' - At the lowest level, external hallucinations generally consist of movement within the peripheral vision and ill-defined, fleeting hallucinations which disappear once a person double takes.
#'''Vaguely defined hallucinations''' - At this level, the hallucinations are visible within one's direct line of sight, but are not fully defined in their appearance. This means that, although visible, they do not look completely detailed and are often extremely blurry or semi-translucent with little, if any, colour.<ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003" />
#'''Partially defined hallucinations''' - At this level, the hallucinations become distinct enough in their detail and vividness to extend beyond transparent, colourless, or blurry manifestations. However, they still remain unconvincing and do not quite live up to the detail of everyday life.
#'''Fully defined hallucinations''' - At this level, the hallucinations have become completely realistic and will rarely disappear simply because a person double takes. They are now capable of a completely convincing and photorealistic appearance and their behaviour becomes far more lifelike. Additionally, they may become numerous enough to fully engulf the entirety of the person's environment.<ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003" />


===Autonomous entities===
Alongside a specific levelling system, there are also certain environmental factors that directly alter both the likelihood of external hallucinations manifesting themselves and the level of detail of which they are rendered with. For example, the more unfamiliar with the external environment a person is, the more likely it is that this effect will manifest itself. Cluttered areas tend to produce more external hallucinations and the amount of light within a room is inversely proportional to the intensity of them, with less light leading to significantly more hallucinations and more light leading to fewer, although more detailed, hallucinations.
Contact with autonomous entities are very common, these can be defined as the experience of beings which generally appear to be sentient and autonomous in their behaviour. They seem to act as the inhabitants of a perceived independent reality, are generally expectant of the trippers appearance and interact with them in various ways. The behaviour of a typical entity can vary wildly and seems to depend heavily on the trippers current emotional mind state. For example, they can act as loving, kind intelligences, teachers or healers but they are equally capable of acting as indifferent, uncaring or even as malicious tormentors in certain contexts.


Entities can literally take any form but common subconscious archetypes are definitely present and commonly include:
The content within these external hallucinations can be further broken down into four distinct subcomponents. These are described and documented within their own dedicated articles, each of which are listed below:


''Perfectly ordinary human beings, [[Visual effects: Shadow people|shadow people]], bodiless super intelligent humanoids, aliens, elves, animal beings, giant spheres, insectoids, beings of light, plants, robotic machines, gods, goddesses, demons, fantastical creatures, and more.''
*[[Autonomous entities]]
*[[Object activation]]
*[[Perspective hallucination]]
*[[Scenarios and plots]]
*[[Settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]
*[[Shadow people]]


Regardless of presentation, there are distinctly different types of entities which one may encounter, each of which represent a particular subsection of one's own consciousness primarily through their personality but also their appearance. These are broken down into 3 separate categories which include:
It is worth noting that the content, style, and general behaviour of an external hallucination is often largely dependent on the emotional state of the person experiencing it. For example, a person who is emotionally stable and generally happy will usually be more prone to experiencing neutral, interesting, or positive hallucinations. In contrast, however, a person who is emotionally unstable and generally unhappy will usually be more prone to experiencing sinister, fear-inducing, and negative hallucinations.


*'''Representations of the self''' - The simplest form of entity can be described as simply a mirror of ones own personality. It can take any visible form but clearly adopts an obviously identical vocabulary and set of mannerisms to one's own personality when conversed with.
External hallucinations are often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[delirium]], [[internal hallucinations]] and [[delusions]]. They are most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[deliriant]] compounds, such as [[DPH]], [[datura]], and [[benzydamine]]. However, they can also occur less commonly under the influence of [[psychedelic|psychedelics]], [[dissociative|dissociatives]], [[stimulant psychosis]], and [[sleep deprivation]].</onlyinclude>
*'''Representations of the subconscious''' - This category of entity can take any visible form but adopts the personality of what seems to be a conscious controller behind the continuous generation of the details regarding ones current experience and the management of ones own perspective, personality and internally stored model of reality. When conversed with, this category of entity posses abilities which allow them to directly alter and manipulate ones current experience as well the capability to heal past traumas. They usually adopts an attitude which wants to teach or guide the tripper and will operate under the assumption that they know what is best for them.  
===Variations===
*'''Representations of specific concepts''' - This category of entity is by far the most varied type in terms of its visual form and immediately perceivable personality. It can be identified as a simulated sentient representation of any internally stored concept and adopts an appropriate personality to fit this to an amazing degree of accurate detail. For example this specific concept could include people you have met throughout your life, fictional characters or symbolic representations of abstract concepts such as emotions or key parts of one's own personality.
The specific differences between each potential style of external hallucination can be broken down into the following variations:
*'''Lucid vs. Delirious''' - A person experiencing a hallucinatory state can maintain a consistent level of awareness regarding the fact that none of these events are actually occurring and that the effects are simply the result of a drug-induced hallucination. In contrast with this, hallucinations may also become completely believable, no matter how nonsensical they may be, in exactly the same way that a person does not have any problem accepting absurd and non-linear plots within our dreams.
*'''Interactive vs. Fixed''' – Hallucinatory states can either present themselves as completely separate in a manner that is similar to watching a video play out in front of one's field of vision or they can be completely interactive. For example, it is entirely possible to converse with autonomous entities or interact with imagined objects in a fashion similar to lucid dreaming.
*'''New vs. Old experiences ''' – In terms of their subject matter, hallucinations can either be entirely new experiences or they can be old, everyday experiences and replayed memories.
*'''Controllable vs. Autonomous''' – Imagery and hallucinations can be partially to completely controllable. This can be described as their content always seeming to perfectly follow and fit the general topic and subject matter of one's current thought stream, with varying levels of control. In contrast, autonomous hallucinations are completely spontaneous in their subject matter and entirely uncontrollable.
*'''Geometry-based vs. Solid''' – Hallucinations can be comprised of condensed psychedelic geometry or they can appear to be made from realistic materials depending on the substance consumed.


When communicated with through spoken word, the level of coherency in which these entities can communicate in with is highly variable but can be broken down into 4 distinct levels of communication:
===Psychoactive substances===
 
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include:
# '''Silence''' - This level can be defined as a complete unresponsiveness from the side of the entity and an incapability of speech despite their obvious presence within the hallucination.
{{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::External hallucinations]]|format=ul|Columns=2}}
#'''Partially defined incoherent speech''' - This level can be defined as audible linguistic conversational responses and noises which sound like words but do not contain any real content or meaning beyond a vague sense of emotional intent.
===Experience reports===
#'''Fully defined incoherent speech''' - This level can be defined as audible linguistic conversational responses and noises which contain fully defined and understandable words but often lack grammatical structure or general coherency.
Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our [[experience index]] include:
#'''Fully defined coherent speech''' - This level can be defined as audible linguistic conversational responses and noises which contain fully defined and understandable words as well as a fully defined grammatical sentence structure and general coherency which conveys its point on a level which is on par with the tripper's own intellect.
{{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::External hallucinations]]|format=ul|Columns=2}}
 
===See also===
Autonomous entities may also communicate with trippers via a combination of telepathy, visual linguistics, mathematics and morphing coloured structures of different textures. This complex visual language is capable of expressing pure meaning and concepts far beyond that of standard human english.
*[[Responsible use]]
 
===Settings===
At level 4 - 5, hallucinations consistently manifest themselves within the essential subcomponent of imagined landscapes, locations and sceneries of an infinite variety. These exist for the purpose of acting as the setting in which the [[Visual_effects:_Internal_hallucinations_(psychedelic)#Scenarios and plots|plot]] of the hallucination occurs. These landscape can often act as something which is flown over at high speeds or experienced through the hallucination of [[Visual effects: Internal hallucinations (psychedelic)#Autonomous entities|autonomous entities]] which directly manipulates what one can see and view. The geography of these settings is capable of rendering itself as static and coherent in organization but will usually result manifest as a non-linear, nonsensical and continuously ever-changing layout which does not obey the rules of everyday physics. In terms of the chosen locations, appearance and style of these settings, they seem to be selected at random and are often entirely new and previously unseen locations. They do however play a heavy emphasis on replicating and combining real life locations stored within the tripper's memories, especially those which are prominent within one's life and daily routine. Aside from this they commonly include:
 
''planetary systems, galaxies, quasars, jungles, rain forests, deserts, ice-scapes, cities, natural environments, caves, space habitats, vast structures, civilizations, technological utopias, ruins, machinescapes, rooms and other indoor environments, neurons, DNA, atoms, molecules, mitochondria, incomprehensible [[Visual effect: Geometry (psychedelic)|geometry]] based landscapes and more.''
 
===Perspectives===
In terms of the perspective in which the hallucinations are perceived through, just like literary plots, these too can be experienced through four alternate vantage points which are described and listed below.
 
*'''1st person''' - This is the most common form of perspective and can be described as the perfectly normal experience of perceiving the scenario from the perspective of one's everyday self and body.
*'''2nd person''' - This can be described as the experience of perceiving the hallucination from the perspective of an external source of consciousness such as another person, an animal or an inanimate object.
*'''3rd person''' - This is essentially an out-of-body experience and can be described as perceiving the hallucination from a perspective which is floating above, below, behind, or in front of ones physical body.
*'''4th person''' - This the least common form of perspective and can be described as the experience of perceiving the hallucination from the perspective of multiple or even infinite vantage points simultaneously.
 
===Scenarios===
Each of the above components are randomly shuffled and spliced into any number of an infinite variety of potential plots and scenarios. These may be positive or negative to experience and are difficult to define in a comprehensive manner in much the same way that we cannot predict the plot of abstract literature and films. They can however be broken down into extremely basic occurrences which generally entail visiting some sort of setting or a number of them which contain within them interactive, multiple, or [[Visual effects: Internal hallucinations (psychedelic)#Autonomous entities|autonomous entities]]. Alongside of these, completely unpredictable plot devices and events force the tripper to become involved within the specific scenario of the particular trip.
 
These scenarios and plots can be linear and logical with events that occur in a rational sequence which lead onto each other events through cause and effect. They are equally likely however to present themselves as completely nonsensical and incoherent. This means that the plot will occur with spontaneous events which are capable of ending, starting and changing between each other repeatedly in quick succession and as they please. The plots themselves can either be entirely new experiences that are unlike anything experienced within the real world, they can be old experiences such as accurate memory replays or a combination of the two.
 
In terms of the amount of time in which they are experienced, hallucinatory plots and scenarios usually feel as if they are being experienced in real-time. This means that when 20 seconds have been felt to have passed within the hallucination, the exact same amount of time will have passed in the real world. At other points, however, distortions of time can make themselves present, resulting in plots and scenarios that can feel as if they literally last days, weeks, months, years, or even infinitely long periods of time.
 
==Variations==
*'''Lucid vs. Delirious''' - Hallucinatory states can maintain a consistent level of awareness throughout them regarding the fact that none of these event are really happening and that the current situation is simply a result of drug-induced hallucination. In contrast to this, hallucinations can also become completely believable no matter how nonsensical they may be in exactly the same way that we do not have any problem accepting absurd and non-linear plots within our dreams.
*'''Interactive vs. Fixed''' – Hallucinatory states can either present themselves as completely separate in a manner that is similar to watching a video play out in front of ones field of vision or they can be completely interactive. For example, conversing with [[Visual effects: Internal hallucinations (psychedelic)#Autonomous entities|autonomous entities]] or interacting with imagined objects in a fashion similar to [[lucid dreaming]] is entirely possible.
*'''New experiences vs. Memory replays''' – In terms of their subject matter, hallucinations can either be entirely new experiences that or they can follow themes of normal every day concepts and a replaying of specific memories.
*'''Controllable vs. Autonomous''' – Imagery and hallucinations can be partially to completely controllable. This can be described as the content of their appearance always seeming to follow and fit the general topic and subject matter of ones current thought stream. In contrast, autonomous hallucinations are completely spontaneous in their subject matter and entirely uncontrollable.
*'''Geometry based vs. Solid''' – Hallucinations can appear as completely separate and distinct from accompanying [[Visual_effects:_geometry_(psychedelic)|geometry]] or they can be comprised of and embedded within it.
 
==See also==
*[[Subjective effects index]]
*[[Subjective effects index]]
*[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]]
*[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]]
*[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]]
*[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]]
*[[Psychedelics#Subjective_effects|Psychedelics - Subjective effects]]
*[[Psychedelics#Subjective_effects|Psychedelics - Subjective effects]]
===External links===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallucination Hallucination (Wikipedia)]
===References===
<references />
[[Category:Sensory]]
[[Category:Visual]]
[[Category:Hallucinatory]]
[[Category:Effect]]
{{#set:Featured=true
|Belongs to=Visual effects
}}

Latest revision as of 15:38, 19 March 2019

Deliriants by Anonymous DEL user - This image represents the sinister external hallucinations commonly induced by deliriants.

An external hallucination is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.[1][2] This is in stark contrast to internal hallucinations, such as dreams, that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.

This effect is capable of manifesting itself across the 4 different levels of intensity described below:

  1. Fleeting hallucinations - At the lowest level, external hallucinations generally consist of movement within the peripheral vision and ill-defined, fleeting hallucinations which disappear once a person double takes.
  2. Vaguely defined hallucinations - At this level, the hallucinations are visible within one's direct line of sight, but are not fully defined in their appearance. This means that, although visible, they do not look completely detailed and are often extremely blurry or semi-translucent with little, if any, colour.[2]
  3. Partially defined hallucinations - At this level, the hallucinations become distinct enough in their detail and vividness to extend beyond transparent, colourless, or blurry manifestations. However, they still remain unconvincing and do not quite live up to the detail of everyday life.
  4. Fully defined hallucinations - At this level, the hallucinations have become completely realistic and will rarely disappear simply because a person double takes. They are now capable of a completely convincing and photorealistic appearance and their behaviour becomes far more lifelike. Additionally, they may become numerous enough to fully engulf the entirety of the person's environment.[2]

Alongside a specific levelling system, there are also certain environmental factors that directly alter both the likelihood of external hallucinations manifesting themselves and the level of detail of which they are rendered with. For example, the more unfamiliar with the external environment a person is, the more likely it is that this effect will manifest itself. Cluttered areas tend to produce more external hallucinations and the amount of light within a room is inversely proportional to the intensity of them, with less light leading to significantly more hallucinations and more light leading to fewer, although more detailed, hallucinations.

The content within these external hallucinations can be further broken down into four distinct subcomponents. These are described and documented within their own dedicated articles, each of which are listed below:

It is worth noting that the content, style, and general behaviour of an external hallucination is often largely dependent on the emotional state of the person experiencing it. For example, a person who is emotionally stable and generally happy will usually be more prone to experiencing neutral, interesting, or positive hallucinations. In contrast, however, a person who is emotionally unstable and generally unhappy will usually be more prone to experiencing sinister, fear-inducing, and negative hallucinations.

External hallucinations are often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as delirium, internal hallucinations and delusions. They are most commonly induced under the influence of heavy dosages of deliriant compounds, such as DPH, datura, and benzydamine. However, they can also occur less commonly under the influence of psychedelics, dissociatives, stimulant psychosis, and sleep deprivation.

Variations

The specific differences between each potential style of external hallucination can be broken down into the following variations:

  • Lucid vs. Delirious - A person experiencing a hallucinatory state can maintain a consistent level of awareness regarding the fact that none of these events are actually occurring and that the effects are simply the result of a drug-induced hallucination. In contrast with this, hallucinations may also become completely believable, no matter how nonsensical they may be, in exactly the same way that a person does not have any problem accepting absurd and non-linear plots within our dreams.
  • Interactive vs. Fixed – Hallucinatory states can either present themselves as completely separate in a manner that is similar to watching a video play out in front of one's field of vision or they can be completely interactive. For example, it is entirely possible to converse with autonomous entities or interact with imagined objects in a fashion similar to lucid dreaming.
  • New vs. Old experiences – In terms of their subject matter, hallucinations can either be entirely new experiences or they can be old, everyday experiences and replayed memories.
  • Controllable vs. Autonomous – Imagery and hallucinations can be partially to completely controllable. This can be described as their content always seeming to perfectly follow and fit the general topic and subject matter of one's current thought stream, with varying levels of control. In contrast, autonomous hallucinations are completely spontaneous in their subject matter and entirely uncontrollable.
  • Geometry-based vs. Solid – Hallucinations can be comprised of condensed psychedelic geometry or they can appear to be made from realistic materials depending on the substance consumed.

Psychoactive substances

Compounds within our psychoactive substance index which may cause this effect include:

... further results

Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our experience index include:

... further results

See also

References

  1. ↑ Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Gauntlett-Gilbert, Jeremy; Kuipers, Elizabeth (2003). "PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS". The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 191 (3): 203–205. doi:10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02. ISSN 0022-3018. 
Retrieved from "https://psy.st/index.php?title=External_hallucination&oldid=446270"