2C-D

2C-D
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names	2C-D, 2C-M, LE-25
Substitutive name	2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine
Systematic name	1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminoethane
Class Membership
Psychoactive class	Psychedelic
Chemical class	Phenethylamine
Routes of Administration
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section. ⇣ Oral Dosage Threshold 3 mg Light 10 - 25 mg Common 25 - 50 mg Strong 50 - 100 mg Heavy 100 mg + Duration Total 3 - 5 hours Onset 15 - 45 minutes Come up 20 - 40 minutes Peak 1.5 - 2.5 hours Offset 0.5 - 1.5 hours After effects 1 - 4 hours DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Interactions

Summary sheet: 2C-D

2C-D (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine, also known as 2C-M) is a phenethylamine psychedelic drug of the 2C-x family that is sometimes used as an entheogen. It was first synthesized in 1970 by a team from the Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, and its activity was subsequently investigated in humans by Alexander Shulgin. The full name of the chemical is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as being from 20 to 60 mg and many people recommend higher doses. Lower doses (generally 10 mg or less) of 2C-D have been explored as a potential nootropic, albeit with mixed results. 2C-D is generally taken orally, though may be insufflated (i.e., taken nasally). Insufflating tends to cause intense pain, however, and the dosage level is usually much lower, typically in the region of 1 to 15 mg.

Not much information is known about the toxicity of 2C-D, as no major studies have been conducted. According to Shulgin, the effects of 2C-D typically last for 4–6 hours. Shulgin himself referred to this substance as a “pharmacological tofu,” meaning that when mixed with other substances, it can extend or potentiate their effects without coloring the experience too much, in a manner similar to how tofu absorbs the flavors of sauces or spices it is cooked with. Some people have claimed 2C-D is relatively uninteresting on its own, but many other users have strongly disagreed with this assessment and believe that 2C-D is a true psychedelic in its own right.

In modern times, it is used as a recreational drug and an entheogen, rarely sold on the streets and almost exclusively obtained as a grey area research chemical through the use of online vendors. Therefore, it is relatively uncommon and has only a short history of human use.

Many users report that 2C-D is calmer and much more sedating than other closely related psychedelic phenethylamines.

Chemistry

General formula of phenethylamine molecule.

2C-D or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine is a substituted phenethylamine featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH₂) group through an ethyl chain. 2C-D contains methoxy functional groups CH₃O- attached to carbons R₂ and R₅ as well as a methyl group attached to carbon R₄ of the phenyl ring. 2C-D belongs to the 2C family of phenethylamines which contain methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring.

Pharmacology

Main article: Serotonergic psychedelic

2C-D's psychedelic effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the 5-HT_2A receptor as a partial agonist. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.

Subjective effects

The effects listed below are based upon the subjective effects index and personal experiences of PsychonautWiki contributors. The listed effects will rarely (if ever) occur all at once, but heavier dosages will increase the chances and are more likely to induce a full range of effects.

Physical effects

• Spontaneous tactile sensations - The "body high" of 2C-D can be described as a pleasurable, all-encompassing comfort sensation. This maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
• Sedation - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the tripper, the 2C-D experience begins with mild sedation that increases as the trip progresses, and lacks the distinctive energetic feeling associated with most phenethylamines.
• Nausea - Although nausea remains present, in comparison to other phenethylamines such as 2C-E, 2C-I or 2C-B, this remains extremely mild and dissipates quickly even with higher dosages. It is a very kind and mild psychedelic for this reason.
• Bodily control enhancement and Motor control loss - Whilst at lower doses one may find that their bodily control is enhanced, at higher dosages it seems to become suppressed.
• Tactile enhancement
• Temperature regulation suppression
• Pupil dilation

Cognitive effects

The head space of 2C-D is described by many as one which is both insightful and relatively normal in its thought processes even at moderate to high dosages. The feeling of "unaltered consciousness" may be bothersome to trippers that are willing to experience events and concepts from a shifting point of view, since on 2C-D everything is fairly normal, stable and therefore rather uninteresting.

The total sum of these cognitive components regardless of the setting generally includes:

• Analysis enhancement
• Introspection
• Thought acceleration
• Time distortion
• Novelty enhancement
• Conceptual thinking
• Thought connectivity
• Current mind state enhancement
• Personal bias suppression
• Memory suppression
• Ego death

Visual effects

Enhancements

• Acuity enhancement
• Colour enhancement
• Pattern recognition enhancement

Distortions

• Drifting (melting, flowing, breathing and morphing) - In comparison to other psychedelics, this effect can be described as low in detail, slow and smooth in motion, static in appearance and realistic in style.
• Tracers
• Colour shifting

Geometry

The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of DOM or 25D-NBOMe than that of LSD, 2C-B or 2C-I. They can be comprehensively described as structured in their organization, organic in style, intricate in complexity, large in size, slow and smooth in motion, colourful in scheme, bright in colour, blurred in its edges and equally rounded and angular in its corners. They give off a natural feel at higher dosages. Whilst the final level of 2C-D geometry 2C-D has yet to be formally confirmed, it seems more likely that it would result in states of Level 8B visual geometry over Level 8A.

Hallucinatory states

• Transformations
• Internal hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots) - In comparison to other psychedelics such as LSD, 2C-D is low in hallucinations embedded within visual geometry. However, when it does occur this particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They are more common within dark environments and can be described as internal in their manifestation, lucid in believability, and interactive in style.
• External hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots) - 2C-D is capable of external hallucinations embedded within visual geometry. This particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They can be described as external in their manifestation, lucid in believability, and fixed in style.

Auditory effects

• Enhancements
• Distortions
• Hallucinations

Toxicity and harm potential

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2C-D use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because 2C-D is a research chemical with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychedelic community who have tried 2C-D suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses or using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

Tolerance and addiction potential

2C-D is not habit-forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.

Tolerance to the effects of 2C-D are built almost immediately after ingestion. After that it takes about 3 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 7 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Note that 2C-D presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all psychedelics]], meaning that after the consumption of 2C-D all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.

Legal issues

• United States: 2C-D is listed in Schedule I of section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act in the United States. This was signed into law as of July 2012 under the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act.
• United Kingdom: 2C-D is a Class A controlled substance as it is covered by the phenethylamine derivatives clause of the Misuse of Drugs Act of 1971.
• Sweden: 2C-D is classified as a "health hazard" as of March 1, 2005 in their regulation SFS 2005:26, making it illegal to sell or possess.
• Japan: 2C-D is controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, making it illegal to possess or sell.
• Australia: Australia has a blanket ban over all substituted phenethylamines including the entire 2C-X family.
• Denmark: 2C-D is added to the list of Schedule B controlled substances.
• Germany: On December, 13 2014 2C-D was added to the controlled substance act ("BtMG"), making it illegal to produce, sell or possess.

See also

• Psychoactive substance index
• Psychedelics
• Phenethylamines
• 2C-x
• 25D-NBOMe

External links

• 2C-D (Wikipedia)
• 2C-D (Erowid)
• 2C-D (PiHKAL)
• 2C-D (Bluelight)
• 2C-D (Tripsit)