ΑMT
| AMT | |
|---|---|
 | |
| The skeletal formula of AMT. | |
| Dosage | |
| Threshold | 5 - 15 mg |
| Light | 10 - 25 mg |
| Common | 20 - 40 mg |
| Strong | 30 - 60 mg |
| Heavy | 60 - 80 mg |
| Duration | |
| Total duration | 13 - 15 hours |
| Onset / Initial effects | 60 - 180 minutes |
| Peak | 4 - 6 hours |
| After effects | 1 - 5 hours |
α-Methyltryptamine (αMT, AMT, Indopan), is a psychedelic, stimulant, and entactogen drug of the tryptamine class.[1] It was originally developed as an antidepressant by workers at a Michigan pharmaceutical manufacturing company known as Upjohn in the 1960s.[2] This drug may be overly intense in its physical effects for those who are not already experienced with psychedelics.
Chemistry
AMT is made up of a tryptamine backbone and one methyl group substituted onto the monoamine chain at carbon Rα. It is closely related to serotonin, explaining its mechanism of action.
Pharmacology
AMT acts as a releasing agent of serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine[3] as well as a non selective serotonin receptor agonist.[4] It acts as a very weak, non-selective RIMA in-vitro[5] and in-vivo.[6], but this is unlikely to be very significant if at all with typical doses.
Subjective effects
The physical effects of AMT can be broken down into five components all of which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. These are described below and generally include:
- Spontaneous tactile sensations - AMT's "body high" can be described as an intense and constant all-encompassing sensation. In comparison to other psychedelics, this sensation does not manifest itself in the form of a continuously shifting tingling sensation that travels up and down the body spontaneously, instead being felt as an extended unchanging activation of every nerve ending on the body that lasts throughout the entire duration of the trip. This everlasting droning is immensely pleasurable but can become overwhelmingly intense and almost a burden at higher levels
- Stimulation - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the tripper, AMT is very stimulating, resulting in jaw clenching and a shakiness and unsteadiness of the hands but encouraging trippers to move around, run, dance, climb and generally engage in physical activities. In comparison, other more commonly used psychedelics such as psilocybin are generally sedating and relaxed.
- Nausea - In terms of the physical discomfort experienced on this substance, moderate to extreme nausea is almost consistently reported when consumed at any dosage. This either passes once the tripper has vomited or gradually fades by itself as the peak sets in.
- Difficulty urinating - A slight difficulty urinating is occasionally present.
- Headaches - Many people report headaches towards the end of the experience
- Loss of temperature regulation
In comparison to more traditional psychedelics such as LSD, DMT and Psilocin, the AMT head space is described as not nearly as deep, insightful or profound.
The total sum of these cognitive components regardless of the setting generally includes:
- Introspection - This component is consistently manifested only in the context of a non social setting in which the user is alone.
- Increased empathy, love and sociability - This component is consistently manifested only in the context of social settings in which one is within the company of others. These feelings of sociability, love and empathy are a little weaker and less sharp than those found on substances such as MDMA and 2C-B but still prove strong enough to provide long lasting therapeutic effects.
- Acceleration of thought
- Connectivity of thought
- Increased empathy, love and sociability
- Enhancement of current mind state
- Euphoria
- Conceptual thinking
- Ego suppression, loss and death
- Time distortion
The visual effects of AMT are mostly present only when large doses have been consumed and proportionally mild in comparison to the intensity of its accompanying cognitive and physical effects when compared to substances such as LSD and psilocin.
AMT presents a full and complete array of possible visual enhancements which generally includes:
As for visual distortions and alterations, effects experienced are detailed below:
- Drifting (Melting, Flowing, Breathing and morphing) - In comparison to other psychedelics, this effect can be described as highly detailed, slow and smooth in motion, static in their appearance and unrealistic/cartoon-like in style.
- Texture repetition - In comparison to more commonly used psychedelics such as LSD and psilocin, this effect is significantly less intricate and complex although still very distinct in its presence.
- Tracers
- After images
- Colour shifting
- Scenery slicing
The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of Psilocin, and 2C-E than LSD. At lower levels they appear to be bland and simplistic but become equal in terms of intricacy and depth to that of any of the classical psychedelics. They can be comprehensively described as structured in their organization, organic in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, colourful in scheme, glossy in colour, blurred in their edges and rounded in their corners. They have a "natural" feel to them and at higher dosages are significantly more likely to result in states of Level 7B visual geometry over Level 7A.
At high dosages AMT can produce a full range of high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is more consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelic. These effects include:
- External hallucinations (psychedelic)
- Internal hallucinations (psychedelic) - This particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They are more common within dark environments and can be described as lucid in believability, interactive in style and almost exclusively of religious, spiritual, mystical or a transcendental nature in their overall theme.
The auditory effects of AMT are common in their occurrence and exhibit a full range of effects which commonly includes:
Toxicity and Harm Potential
Lethal Dosage
In rats, the median lethal dose or dosage at which 50% of participants die (LD50) of AMT for mice when administered orally is 22 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and in mice it is 38 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). This means that for a 60-kilogram (130 lb) person to reach the LD50 value of rats they would have to take 1320 mg or 2280 mg to reach the LD50 of mice. This is between 44 and 76 times the active dosage of 30 mg.
Deaths from αMT are rare but, as a powerful monoamine releaser, injury can occur when excessive doses are taken or when taken with drugs such as MAOIs.[7] Most fatalities are not verified but those which are involve excessive doses[8] or coingestion with other drugs.[9] A British teenager died after consuming 1 g of αMT in August 2013.[10]
Tolerance and Addiction Potential
AMT use leads to approximately a week tolerance, affecting other tryptamines also. Addiction potential has not been studied, but is considered by users to be relatively low. Like many other serotonin releasing agents, AMT's analogue αET has been shown to produce long-lasting serotonergic neurotoxicity at very high doses.[11] It is possible that AMT could cause the same neurotoxicity at high dosages or with repeated long term use.
Legal issues
- Australia: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.
- Germany: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.
- Greece: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.
- Japan: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.
- Russia: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.
- Sweden: Sale and possession of AMT is illegal.[12]
- USA: AMT is a Schedule I drug.[13]
- UK: It is legal in the United Kingdom, however, and does not fall under the tryptamine clause as its substituent is not on the nitrogen position. See "2001 Misuse of Drugs Act: Schedule 1, Regulation 3"[14]
- Canada: Similar to the United Kingdom, Canada has no mention of this substance in the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act.[15]
See Also
References
- ↑ Erowid Online Books : TIHKAL - #48 a-MT | http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal48.shtml
- ↑ US Patent 3296072 - Method of Treating Mental Depression
- ↑ The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain | http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0014-2999(06)01381-1
- ↑ In vitro screening of psychoactive drugs by [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding in rat brain membranes | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/30/12/30_12_2328/_article
- ↑ Studies of Monoamine Oxidase and Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase II. Inhibition by α-Methylated Substrate-Analogue Monoamines, α-Methyltryptamine, α-Methylbenzylamine and Two Enantiomers of α-Methylbenzylamine | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jphs1951/41/2/41_2_191/_article
- ↑ THE EFFECT OF THREE TRYPTAMINE DERIVATIVES ON SEROTONIN METABOLISM IN VITRO AND IN VIVO | http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/127/2/110.short
- ↑ Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity | http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/content/95/4/434
- ↑ Fatality Due to Acute 0 Methyltryptamine Intoxication | http://jat.oxfordjournals.org/content/29/5/394.full.pdf
- ↑ Call for ban on drug after reveller's death | http://www.webcitation.org/6KPbybynr
- ↑ Southampton 'legal high' death deemed 'accidental' | http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-24915409
- ↑ Reduction in brain serotonin markers by α-ethyltryptamine (Monase) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001429999190686K
- ↑ Svensk författningssamling Förordning om ändring i förordningen (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor | http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/sfs/20050026.pdf
- ↑ Drug Enforcement Administration | http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/amt.pdf
- ↑ The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3998/schedule/1/made
- ↑ CSDA | http://isomerdesign.com/Cdsa/schedule.php?structure=C