Motivation enhancement
Motivation enhancement is an increased desire to perform tasks and accomplish goals in a productive manner.[1][2][3] This includes tasks and goals that would normally be considered too monotonous or overwhelming to fully commit oneself to.
A number of factors (which often, but not always, co-occur) reflect or contribute to task motivation: namely, wanting to complete a task, enjoying it or being interested in it.[3] Motivation may also be supported by closely related factors, such as positive mood, alertness, energy, and the absence of anxiety. Although motivation is a state, there are trait-like differences in the motivational states that people typically bring to tasks, just as there are differences in cognitive ability.[2]
Motivation enhancement is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as stimulation and thought acceleration in a manner which further increases one's productivity. It is most commonly induced under the influence of moderate dosages of stimulant and nootropic compounds, such as amphetamine,[2][4] methylphenidate,[2] nicotine,[5] and modafinil.[6] However, it may also occur to a much lesser extent under the influence of certain opioids,[7][8] and GABAergic depressants.[7]
Psychoactive substances
Compounds within our psychoactive substance index which may cause this effect include:
- 1P-ETH-LAD
- 1cP-AL-LAD
- 1cP-MiPLA
- 2,5-DMA
- 2-Aminoindane
- 2-FA
- 2-FEA
- 2-FMA
- 3,4-CTMP
- 3-FA
- 3-FEA
- 3-FMA
- 3-FPM
- 3-MMC
- 4-FA
- 4-FMA
- 4F-EPH
- 4F-MPH
- 5-APB
- 5-Hydroxytryptophan
- 5-MAPB
- 6-APB
- 6-APDB
- A-PHP
- A-PVP
- AL-LAD
- Adrafinil
- Alpha-GPC
- Amphetamine
- Aniracetam
- Armodafinil
- Baclofen
- Bromantane
- Caffeine
- Cocoa
- Coluracetam
- Creatine
- Cyclazodone
- Desoxypipradrol
- Dichloropane
- ETH-CAT
- Ephenidine
- Ephylone
- Ethylphenidate
- F-Phenibut
- GBL
- GHB
- Hexedrone
- Isopropylphenidate
- Kratom
See also
- Responsible use
- Subjective effects index
- Motivation suppression
- Stimulants - Subjective effects
- Psychedelics - Subjective effects
- Dissociatives - Subjective effects
- Deliriants - Subjective effects
External links
References
- ↑ Kjærsgaard, T. (2015). Enhancing motivation by use of prescription stimulants: The ethics of motivation enhancement. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.990543
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Ilieva, I. P., & Farah, M. J. (2013). Enhancement stimulants: perceived motivational and cognitive advantages. Frontiers in neuroscience, 7, 198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00198
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nyholm, S. (2015). Motivation-enhancements and domain-specific values. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.995313
- ↑ Terbeck, S. (2013). Why students bother taking Adderall: Measurement validity of self-reports. AJOB Neuroscience, 4(1), 21-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2012.762064
- ↑ Sagara, H., Kitamura, Y., Esumi, S., Sendo, T., Araki, H., & Gomita, Y. (2008). Motivational effects of nicotine as measured by the runway method using priming stimulation of intracranial self-stimulation behavior. Acta Med Okayama, 62, 227-233. https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/30940
- ↑ Young, J. W., & Geyer, M. A. (2010). Action of modafinil—increased motivation via the dopamine transporter inhibition and D1 receptors?. Biological psychiatry, 67(8), 784-787. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2009.12.015
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ting-A-Kee, R., & van der Kooy, D. (2012). The neurobiology of opiate motivation. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2(10), a012096. https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a012096
- ↑ Riters, L. V. (2010). Evidence for opioid involvement in the motivation to sing. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 39(2), 141-150. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jchemneu.2009.03.008