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In comparison to the effects of other nootropics such as [[noopept]], this compound can be described as conferring both physical stimulation and cognitive stimulation.
In comparison to the effects of other nootropics such as [[noopept]], this compound can be described as conferring both physical stimulation and cognitive stimulation.
====Physical effects====
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' - In addition to raising energy levels, SAM-e shows efficacy in improving joint mobility in those with osteoarthritis.<ref>[Meta-analysis of the efficacy of adenosylmethionine and oxaceprol in the treatment of osteoarthritis]. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12436324</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' - In addition to raising energy levels, SAM-e shows efficacy in improving joint mobility in those with osteoarthritis.<ref>[Meta-analysis of the efficacy of adenosylmethionine and oxaceprol in the treatment of osteoarthritis]. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12436324</ref>
S-Adenosyl methionine (SAMe, Ademethionine) is a methyl donating compound that circulates in the blood and provides methyl groups to maintain metabolic reactions.[1] SAMe is an amino acid methionine bound to an ATP molecule; this molecule circulates in the blood naturally and acts as a 'methyl donor'. A methyl group in chemistry is simply a carbon molecule (bound to some hydrogens), and donating a methyl group to other molecules can accelerate or preserve reactions in the body as a form of metabolic 'maintenance'.
Sam-e is available over the counter and by prescription in the treatment of depression and osteoarthritis. It is generally distributed in enteric coated tablets, which allows the supplement to pass through the low ph environment of the stomach to the gastrointestinal tract, raising the bioavaliability by 600%. [2]
Enteric coated SAM-e tablets.
A review of trials assessing oral doses of SAMe between 200mg and 1600mg notes that they appear to have similar efficacy to Tricyclic Antidepressants and more effective than placebo.[3]
S-adenosyl methionine is a molecule, found endogenously as a substrate synthesized by the sub-groups adenosine and methionine through an the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase. The adenosine subcomponent is comprised of an adedine nucleobase bonded to a ribose chain. This ribose chain is attached to the terminal carbon of the methionine group. Methionine is a butyl carboxylic acid substituted at R2 with an amino group and at R4 with a methylthio (carbon-sulphur) group. S-adenosyl methionine is an essential methyl donator in metabolic reactions.
Pharmacology
Sam-e is an endogenous molecule that has numerous roles including methyl donation in neurotransmitter synthesis, antioxidative effects (radical scavenging, glutathione precursor), anti-inflammatory effects, and neuroprotective effects.[4]
Sam-e, in addition to providing ATP to the cell, also can convert Nicotinamine into N-methyl-nicotinamide (NMNA) via Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase, NMNA which can prevent choline efflux from the brain and neuron, a process which may account for some of Sam-e's nootropic effects.[5]
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
In comparison to the effects of other nootropics such as noopept, this compound can be described as conferring both physical stimulation and cognitive stimulation.
Stimulation - The stimulation which Sam-e presents can be considered as subtle, yet persistent and energetic comparable to that of caffeine, yet even less forced in nature.
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.
As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
There are no clinically significant side-effects of Sam-e supplementation acutely. Although side-effects are not commonly reported with SAMe, numerous studies note a small set of participants who experience mania after supplementing SAMe. It is not common, but it does appear to be related to SAMe supplementation for unknown reasons; it has been reported in some persons without history of mania as well and does not appear to be related to any pathological condition per se.[9][10]
Sam-e is also hypothesized to raise homocystine to harmful levels, but this has yet to be proven in a laboratory environment. [11] Still, it is advised to take Sam-e along with folate and B12.
Regardless, it is strongly recommended that one be familiar with harm reduction practices when using Sam-e.
Tolerance and addiction potential
S-Adenosyl methionine is not habit-forming with a low potential for abuse. It does not seem to be capable of causing psychological or physiological dependence among users.
Tolerance to many of the effects of noopept develops over several weeks of prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly larger doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption).
Legal issues
United States - Sam-e is approved and legal over the counter for purchase.
Russia - Sam-e is available by prescription.
United Kingdom - It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.[12]
↑ Italian double-blind multicenter study comparing S-adenosylmethionine, naproxen, and placebo in the treatment of degenerative joint disease. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3318442
↑Influence of oral S-adenosylmethionine on plasma 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, S-adenosylhomocysteine, homocysteine and methionine in healthy humans. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9262350
