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'''2-Fl-2'-Oxo-PCM''' (also known as '''2-Fluorodeschloroketamine''', '''Fluoroketamine''', '''2-FK''', and '''2-FDCK''') is a synthetic [[psychoactive class::dissociative]] [[pain relief|anesthetic]]<ref>Synthesis of 2-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-Cyclohexanone as a New Ketamine Derivative | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00397911.2014.885053#.VxH5USZVK1E</ref> of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] class of chemicals.
'''2-Fl-2'-Oxo-PCM''' (also known as '''2-Fluorodeschloroketamine''', '''Fluoroketamine''', '''2-FK''', and '''2-FDCK''') is a novel synthetic [[psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class.<ref>Synthesis of 2-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-Cyclohexanone as a New Ketamine Derivative | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00397911.2014.885053#.VxH5USZVK1E</ref> It produces [[dissociative]], [[pain relief|anesthetic]], and [[hallucinogenic]] effects comparable to those of [[ketamine]] when [[route of administration|administered]].
This compound induces a state referred to as "[[dissociative#subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]" when ingested and is therefore used as a recreational drug. 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine has recently become easily accessible through online [[research chemical]] vendors<ref name="one">
As with other members of its class, 2-fluorodeschloroketamine is capable of inducing a state referred to as "[[dissociative#subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]." It has recently become available through online [[research chemical]] vendors where it is being sold as a [[designer drug]] replacement for [[ketamine]].<ref name="one">
The Big & Dandy 2-Fluoroketamine Thread | hhttp://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/776753-The-Big-amp-Dandy-2-Fluoroketamine-Thread</ref> where it is being sold as a [[designer drug]].
The Big & Dandy 2-Fluoroketamine Thread | hhttp://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/776753-The-Big-amp-Dandy-2-Fluoroketamine-Thread</ref>
There is very little information on the human pharmacology or toxicity of 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine. There are not many reports regarding its dosage but one user has stated that 30mg was an effective dose and 60mg was overwhelming. It is recommended to start low and work one's way up slowly.
There is very little information on the pharmacology, metabolism or toxicity of 2-fluorodeschloroketamine. It has an extremely brief history of human use. It is strongly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use this substance.
==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
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==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{Further|NMDA receptor antagonist}}
{{Further|NMDA receptor antagonist}}
Due to the lack of research regarding the substance, all discussion regarding the pharmacology of it is purely based on its structure and subjective effect similarities to other [[arylcyclohexylamine]] [[dissociative]]s such as [[DCK]] and [[ketamine]]. With this in mind, 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is thought to act as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]]. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually this substance's equivalent of the “[[Visual_disconnection#Holes.2C_spaces_and_voids|K-hole]].”
Due to the lack of research regarding the substance, all discussion regarding the pharmacology of it is purely based on its structure and subjective effect similarities to other [[arylcyclohexylamine]] [[dissociative]]s such as [[DCK]] and [[ketamine]]. With this in mind, 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is thought to act as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]].
NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually this substance's equivalent of the “[[Visual_disconnection#Holes.2C_spaces_and_voids|K-hole]].”
*'''[[Effect::Visual disconnection]]''' - This eventually results in 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine's equivalent of the "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-hole k-hole]" or, more specifically, ''[[Visual disconnection#Holes, spaces and voids|holes, spaces and voids]]'' alongside of ''[[Visual disconnection#Structures|structures]]''.
*'''[[Effect::Visual disconnection]]''' - This eventually results in 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine's equivalent of the famous "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-hole k-hole]" or, more specifically, ''[[Visual disconnection#Holes, spaces and voids|holes, spaces and voids]]'' alongside of ''[[Visual disconnection#Structures|structures]]''.
====Distortions====
====Distortions====
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*'''[[Effect::Internal hallucinations]]''' (''[[effect::autonomous entities]]''; ''[[effect::settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]''; ''[[effect::alterations in perspective]]'' and ''[[effect::scenarios and plots]]'')
*'''[[Effect::Internal hallucinations]]''' (''[[effect::autonomous entities]]''; ''[[effect::settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]''; ''[[effect::alterations in perspective]]'' and ''[[effect::scenarios and plots]]'')
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
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All of these, however, can easily be avoided by simply not using 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine on a daily or even weekly basis and manually limiting one's usage of the substance.
All of these, however, can easily be avoided by simply not using 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine on a daily or even weekly basis and manually limiting one's usage of the substance.
==Legal issues==
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Dissos}}
==Legality==
{{legalStub}}
{{legalStub}}
*'''Canada''' - This substance is covered by a blanket ban in Canada.{{citation needed}}
*'''Latvia''' - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is illegal in Latvia.<ref>http://www.vm.gov.lv/images/userfiles/metodiskas_vadlinijas_080914.doc</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''' - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As an N-alkyl derivative of 2-Amino-2-phenylcyclohexanone substituted in the phenyl ring with a halide substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''' - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As an N-alkyl derivative of 2-Amino-2-phenylcyclohexanone substituted in the phenyl ring with a halide substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made</ref>
*'''Latvia''' - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is illegal in Latvia.<ref>http://www.vm.gov.lv/images/userfiles/metodiskas_vadlinijas_080914.doc</ref>
*'''Canada''' - This drug is covered by a blanket ban in Canada.
As with other members of its class, 2-fluorodeschloroketamine is capable of inducing a state referred to as "dissociative anesthesia." It has recently become available through online research chemical vendors where it is being sold as a designer drug replacement for ketamine.[2]
There is very little information on the pharmacology, metabolism or toxicity of 2-fluorodeschloroketamine. It has an extremely brief history of human use. It is strongly advised to use harm reduction practices if choosing to use this substance.
2-Fluorodeschloroketamine, or 2-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylamino-cyclohexanone, is classed as an arylcyclohexylamine drug. Ayrlcyclohexylamine drugs are named for their structures which include a cyclohexane ring bound to an aromatic ring along with an amine group. 2-FDCK contains a phenyl ring bonded to a cyclohexane ring substituted with an ketone group (cyclohexanone). An amino methyl chain (-N-CH3) is bound to the adjacent alpha carbon (R2) of the cyclohexanone ring. Additionally, the phenyl ring is substituted at R2 with a flourine group.
2-Fluorodescholoroketamine is a chiral molecule and is often produced as a racemate. Des- is a prefix used in chemistry to denote the absence of a functional group (in this case "chloro") hence 2-FDCK is named for containing a fluorine substitution at its phenyl ring rather than the chlorine which is found in ketamine.
Due to the lack of research regarding the substance, all discussion regarding the pharmacology of it is purely based on its structure and subjective effect similarities to other arylcyclohexylaminedissociatives such as DCK and ketamine. With this in mind, 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is thought to act as an NMDA receptor antagonist.
NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually this substance's equivalent of the “K-hole.”
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed).
As with other NMDA receptor antagonists, the chronic use of 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
Tolerance to many of the effects of 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all dissociatives]], meaning that after the consumption of 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine all dissociatives will have a reduced effect.
Urinary tract effects
In terms of its long-term health effects when used repeatedly and with excess for extended periods of time, 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine seems to exhibit almost identical bladder and urinary tract problems to those found within ketamine but to a lesser extent. This is because 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is a little more potent than ketamine, meaning that less of the drug needs to be consumed. Symptoms of ketamine-induced cystitis can become extremely serious and can be described as:
Urinary frequency - Urinary frequency is the need to empty the bladder every few minutes.
Urinary urgency - This can be described as a sudden, compelling need to urinate.
Urinary pressure - This is experienced as a constant sensation of fullness in the bladder that is unrelieved by urination.
Pelvic and bladder pain - Pain can develop suddenly and severely, particularly as the bladder fills with urine.
Hematuria - Hematuria is visible blood in the urine.
Incontinence - This is the leakage of urine.
All of these, however, can easily be avoided by simply not using 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine on a daily or even weekly basis and manually limiting one's usage of the substance.
Dangerous interactions
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
Stimulants - Both stimulants and dissociatives carry the risk of adverse psychological reactions like anxiety, mania, delusions and psychosis and these risks are exacerbated when the two substances are combined.
Depressants - Because both depress the respiratory system, this combination can result in an increased risk of suddenly falling unconscious, vomiting and choking to death from the resulting suffocation. If nausea or vomiting occurs, users should attempt to fall asleep in the recovery position or have a friend move them into it.
As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.
Canada - This substance is covered by a blanket ban in Canada.[citation needed]
Latvia - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is illegal in Latvia.[3]
United Kingdom - 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As an N-alkyl derivative of 2-Amino-2-phenylcyclohexanone substituted in the phenyl ring with a halide substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.[4]
