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'''3-Fluoromethamphetamine''' (also known as '''3-FMA''') is a novel synthetic ring-substituted fluorinated [[chemical class::amphetamine]] compound that produces [[psychoactive class::entactogen]]ic and [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] effects. It is part of a series of [[designer drug]] fluorinated amphetamine analogs that include such compounds as [[2-FMA]], [[3-FA]], [[3-FEA]], [[4-FMA]] and [[4-FA]].
'''3-Fluoromethamphetamine''' (also known as '''3-FMA''') is a novel synthetic ring-substituted fluorinated [[chemical class::amphetamine]] compound that produces [[psychoactive class::entactogen]]ic and [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] effects. It is a positional isomer of [[2-FMA]] and [[4-FMA]], and a close structural analogue of [[3-FEA]], [[3-FA]], [[2-FA]] and [[4-FA]].


Like its parent compound [[3-FA]], the pharmacological, toxicological, and subjective effects of 3-FMA in humans have yet to be mapped out in detail. Early reports have so far characterized 3-FMA as a moderately potent [[serotonin]]-dominant triple [[monoamine]] releaser (or triple [[reuptake inhibitor]]) that produces a balance of [[entactogen]]ic and [[stimulant]] effects that has been reported as being "between [[2-FMA]] and [[4-FMA]]"{{citation needed}}. Based on its pharmacology, it is not unlikely that this compound possesses neurotoxic, cardiotoxic and other [[research chemical|potential unknown toxic properties]], which is why extreme caution is advised.  
Like its parent compound [[3-FA]], the pharmacological, toxicological, and subjective effects of 3-FMA in humans have yet to be mapped out in detail. Early reports have so far characterized 3-FMA as a moderately potent [[serotonin]]-dominant triple [[monoamine]] releaser (or triple [[reuptake inhibitor]]) that produces a balance of [[entactogen]]ic and [[stimulant]] effects that has been reported as being "between [[2-FMA]] and [[4-FMA]]"{{citation needed}}. Based on its pharmacology, it is not unlikely that this compound possesses neurotoxic, cardiotoxic and other [[research chemical|potential unknown toxic properties]], which is why extreme caution is advised.  

Revision as of 22:17, 10 April 2017

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3-FMA
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names 3-FMA
Substitutive name 3-Fluoromethamphetamine
Systematic name 1-(3-Fluorophenyl)-N-methylpropan-2-amine
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Stimulant
Chemical class Amphetamine
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.



⇣ Oral
Dosage
Threshold 5 mg
Light 10 - 20 mg
Common 20 - 35 mg
Strong 35 - 50 mg
Heavy 50 mg +
Duration
Total 3 - 7 hours
Onset 20 - 60 minutes
Come up 30 - 60 minutes
Peak 2 - 4 hours
Offset 1 - 3 hours
After effects 6 - 12 hours









DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.

Interactions
Alcohol
GHB
GBL
Opioids
Cannabis
Caffeine
Ketamine
Methoxetamine
Psychedelics
Cocaine
DXM
PCP
25x-NBOMe
2C-T-x
5-MeO-xxT
DOx
Tramadol
aMT
MAOIs
Summary sheet: 3-FMA

3-Fluoromethamphetamine (also known as 3-FMA) is a novel synthetic ring-substituted fluorinated amphetamine compound that produces entactogenic and stimulant effects. It is a positional isomer of 2-FMA and 4-FMA, and a close structural analogue of 3-FEA, 3-FA, 2-FA and 4-FA.

Like its parent compound 3-FA, the pharmacological, toxicological, and subjective effects of 3-FMA in humans have yet to be mapped out in detail. Early reports have so far characterized 3-FMA as a moderately potent serotonin-dominant triple monoamine releaser (or triple reuptake inhibitor) that produces a balance of entactogenic and stimulant effects that has been reported as being "between 2-FMA and 4-FMA"[citation needed]. Based on its pharmacology, it is not unlikely that this compound possesses neurotoxic, cardiotoxic and other potential unknown toxic properties, which is why extreme caution is advised.

3-FMA has an extremely short history of recreational use and has yet to be documented being sold on the streets. It has recently been made available for sale on the gray market as a research chemical through online vendors. Its appearance on the research chemicals market coincides with the increased efforts to prohibit the popular entactogenic stimulant 4-FA.

Due to its potent psychostimulant effect, probable habit-forming properties as well as unknown toxicity profile, it is strongly recommended that one use proper harm reduction practices if choosing to use this novel psychoactive substance.

Chemistry

3-FMA, or 3-fluoromethamphetamine, is a synthetic molecule of the amphetamine family. Molecules of the amphetamine family contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an methyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at Rα (i.e. amphetamines are alpha-methylated phenethylamines). 3-FMA is the 3-position fluorinated analog of N-methylated amphetamine (also known as methamphetamine) although it differs from its effects.

Pharmacology

Although 3-FMA has not been formally studied on the same level as traditional amphetamines, it is currently assumed that like other substituted amphetamines with substitutions at similar positions, it most likely acts primarily as a triple releasing agent of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Subjective effects

 This subjective effects section is a stub.

As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information.

You can help by expanding or correcting it.

3-FMA has an effect profile lying precisely in between that of 4-FMA and 2-FMA. Both the functionality of 2-FMA and the euphoria of 4-FMA are present. At lower doses, it leans towards functionality, and at higher doses it euphoria becomes prevalent. Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects

Cognitive effects

After effects

The effects which occur during the offset of a stimulant experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its peak. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of neurotransmitter depletion. Its effects commonly include:

Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include:

Toxicity and harm potential

Further information: Research chemicals § Toxicity and harm potential

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 3-FMA use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because 3-FMA has an extremely short history of human usage, becoming available only in mid-2017. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried 3-FMA within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed).

Due to its putative serotonin-releasing and entactogenic properties, it is possible that 3-FMA may display excess activity at the 5-HT2b receptor, which like MDMA and fenfluramine would make it would be cardiotoxic with long-term use, as seen in other 5-HT2b agonists such as fenfluramine and MDMA.

It is perhaps worth noting that in the field of medicinal chemistry, the fluorine substitution is sometimes seen as desirable in central nervous system pharmaceutical agents, and is a common practice due to the corresponding increase in lipophilicity granted by the substitute.[1]

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug.

Tolerance and addiction potential

Although it still remains to be seen, the chronic use of 3-FMA likely can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and capable of causing psychological dependence among a certain population of users. When dependence or addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.

Tolerance to many of the effects of 3-FMA develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 10 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 3-FMA presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all dopaminergic and serotonergic stimulants]] and entactogens, meaning that after the consumption of 3-FMA all stimulants will have a reduced effect (including atypical stimulants one might not expect, like MDMA or amphetamine due to its reliance on dopamine and norepinephrine to exert its full euphoric effect).

Psychosis

Main article: Stimulant psychosis

Abuse of compounds within the amphetamine chemical class at high dosages for prolonged periods of time can potentially result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, or delusions).[2] A review on treatment for amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely.[3][4] The same review asserts that, based upon at least one trial, antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis.[5] Psychosis very rarely arises from therapeutic use.[6][7]

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

  • "[[DangerousInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - This combination may increase the amount of neurotransmitters such as dopamine to dangerous or even fatal levels. Examples include syrian rue, banisteriopsis caapi, and some antidepressants.[8]
  • Stimulants - 3-FMA can be potentially dangerous in combination with other stimulants as it can increase one's heart rate and blood pressure to dangerous levels.
  • "[[DangerousInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] & "[[DangerousInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - 25x compounds are highly stimulating and physically straining. Combinations with 3-FMA should be strictly avoided due to the risk of excessive stimulation and heart strain. This can result in increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, panic attacks, thought loops, seizures, and heart failure in extreme cases.
  • "[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Combining alcohol with stimulants can be dangerous due to the risk of accidental over-intoxication. Stimulants mask alcohol's depressant effects, which is what most people use to assess their degree of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the depressant effects will be left unopposed, which can result in blackouts and severe respiratory depression. If mixing, the user should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
  • "[[UnsafeInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Combinations with DXM should be avoided due to its inhibiting effects on serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. There is an increased risk of panic attacks and hypertensive crisis, or serotonin syndrome with serotonin releasers (MDMA, methylone, mephedrone, etc.). Monitor blood pressure carefully and avoid strenuous physical activity.
  • "[[UnsafeInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Any neurotoxic effects of MDMA are likely to be increased when other stimulants are present. There is also a risk of excessive blood pressure and heart strain (cardiotoxicity).
  • "[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Some reports suggest combinations with MXE may dangerously increase blood pressure and increase the risk of mania and psychosis.
  • "[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Both classes carry a risk of delusions, mania and psychosis, and these risk may be multiplied when combined.
  • "[[UnsafeInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - 3-FMA may be dangerous to combine with other stimulants like cocaine as they can increase one's heart rate and blood pressure to dangerous levels.
  • "[[DangerousInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Tramadol is known to lower the seizure threshold[9] and combinations with stimulants may further increase this risk.
  • MDMA - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with amphetamines.
  • Cocaine - This combination may increase strain on the heart to dangerous levels.

This legality section is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

3-FMA is currently a grey area compound within all parts of the world, meaning its regulation lies in a legal grey area and that it is not known to be specifically illegal ("scheduled") within any country. However, people may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with intent to sell or consume.

  • United States: 3-FMA may be considered an analog of amphetamine, thus falling under the Federal Analog Act. The Federal Analog Act, 21 U.S.C. § 813, is a section of the United States Controlled Substances Act, allowing any chemical "substantially similar" to an illegal drug (in Schedule I or II) to be treated as if it were also in Schedule I or II, but only if it is intended for human consumption.
  • United Kingdom: 3-FMA is considered a Class A drug as a result of the amphetamine analogue clause of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971.[10]
  • Canada: 3-FMA would be considered Schedule I as it is an analogue of Amphetamine.[11]
  • China: 3-FMA is banned in China.[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Fluorine substituent effects (on bioactivity) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002211390100375X
  2. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [1]
  3. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [2]
  4. ↑ Hofmann FG (1983). A Handbook on Drug and Alcohol Abuse: The Biomedical Aspects (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 329. ISBN 9780195030570.
  5. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [3]
  6. ↑ Stimulant Misuse: Strategies to Manage a Growing Problem | http://www.acha.org/prof_dev/ADHD_docs/ADHD_PDprogram_Article2.pdf
  7. ↑ http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021303s026lbl.pdf
  8. ↑ Gillman, P. K. (2005). "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity". British Journal of Anaesthesia. 95 (4): 434–441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210 Freely accessible. eISSN 1471-6771. ISSN 0007-0912. OCLC 01537271. PMID 16051647. 
  9. ↑ Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). "Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. eISSN 1937-6995. ISSN 1556-9039. OCLC 163567183. 
  10. ↑ Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Legislation.gov.uk) |http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/schedule/2/part/I
  11. ↑ Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (S.C. 1996, c. 19) |http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-12.html#h-28
  12. ↑ http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/schedule/2/part/I
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