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>David Hedlund
Merged the Risk sub-section from Routes_of_administration#Insufflation
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| <div class="icon">[[File:Yellow-warning-sign1.svg|50px|link=]]</div> ||  <p class="title"><span style="color:#8B8000">'''Chronic nasal adminstration may cause [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_septum_perforation Nasal septum perforation]'''</span></p>
| <div class="icon">[[File:Yellow-warning-sign1.svg|50px|link=]]</div> ||  <p class="title"><span style="color:#8B8000">'''Chronic nasal adminstration may cause [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_septum_perforation Nasal septum perforation]'''</span></p>
[[File:Cocaine nose.jpg|thumb|150px|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum_perforation Nasal septum perforation] caused from [[cocaine]] abuse.]]
[[File:Cocaine nose.jpg|thumb|150px|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum_perforation Nasal septum perforation] caused from [[cocaine]] abuse.]]
Short-term side effects of insufflation includes nasal congestion, which may last for 24 hours.
Frequent insufflation of some substances can damage one's mucous membranes, induce bleeding, damage the nostril's cartilage and lining, burn the throat, and cause other trauma to the nasal passage and sinus area.<ref>{{Citation | title=Ask Erowid : ID 41 : Is snorting MDMA worse for you than taking it orally? | url=https://www.erowid.org/ask/ask.php?ID=41}}</ref> To reduce damage, it is recommended to grind the substance completely before use and alternate nostrils.<ref>Research chemicals (MyCrew) http://www.mycrew.org.uk/drugs-information/research-chemicals</ref> Additionally, a default saline nasal spray application helps wash out acidic/caustic substances from the affected area.
Also, sharing snorting equipment (straws, banknotes, bullets, etc) has been linked to the transmission of hepatitis C. (Bonkovsky and Mehta) In one study, the University of Tennessee Medical Center researches warned that other blood-borne diseases such as HIV, the AIDS-causing virus, could be transmitted as well.<ref>{{Citation | year=2016 | title=Sharing Drug “Snorting Straws” Spreads Hepatitis C | url=https://consumer.healthday.com/infectious-disease-information-21/hepatitis-news-373/sharing-drug-snorting-straws-spreads-hepatitis-c-713114.html}}</ref>
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</div><noinclude>[[Category:Panels]]</noinclude>
</div><noinclude>[[Category:Panels]]</noinclude>

Revision as of 08:11, 3 May 2024

Chronic nasal adminstration may cause Nasal septum perforation

Nasal septum perforation caused from cocaine abuse.

Short-term side effects of insufflation includes nasal congestion, which may last for 24 hours.

Frequent insufflation of some substances can damage one's mucous membranes, induce bleeding, damage the nostril's cartilage and lining, burn the throat, and cause other trauma to the nasal passage and sinus area.[1] To reduce damage, it is recommended to grind the substance completely before use and alternate nostrils.[2] Additionally, a default saline nasal spray application helps wash out acidic/caustic substances from the affected area.

Also, sharing snorting equipment (straws, banknotes, bullets, etc) has been linked to the transmission of hepatitis C. (Bonkovsky and Mehta) In one study, the University of Tennessee Medical Center researches warned that other blood-borne diseases such as HIV, the AIDS-causing virus, could be transmitted as well.[3]