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Stimulants exert their effects through a number of pharmacological mechanisms, the most prominent of which are increasing concentrations of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]] by either promoting release (e.g. amphetamine, methamphetamine) or by blocking reuptake (e.g. cocaine, methylphenidate). Prominent examples of stimulants include [[amphetamine]], [[cocaine]], [[methylphenidate]], and [[methamphetamine]].
Stimulants exert their effects through a number of pharmacological mechanisms, the most prominent of which are increasing concentrations of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]] by either promoting release (e.g. amphetamine, methamphetamine) or by blocking reuptake (e.g. cocaine, methylphenidate). Prominent examples of stimulants include [[amphetamine]], [[cocaine]], [[methylphenidate]], and [[methamphetamine]].
Since their discovery in the early 20th century, stimulants have been adopted throughout the world as prescription medicines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (A.D.H.D.), narcolepsy, and obesity and illicitly as recreational substances.
Since their discovery in the early 20th century, stimulants have been adopted throughout the world as prescription medicines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity and illicitly as recreational substances.
Stimulants (also known as psychostimulants and colloquially as "uppers") are a class of psychoactive substances that activate the nervous system to increase alertness, arousal, and motor activity.[citation needed] Stimulants represent one of the three major classes of psychoactive substances: the other two are depressants (also known as "downers"), and hallucinogens.
Stimulants exert their effects through a number of pharmacological mechanisms, the most prominent of which are increasing concentrations of the neurotransmittersdopamine and norepinephrine by either promoting release (e.g. amphetamine, methamphetamine) or by blocking reuptake (e.g. cocaine, methylphenidate). Prominent examples of stimulants include amphetamine, cocaine, methylphenidate, and methamphetamine.
Since their discovery in the early 20th century, stimulants have been adopted throughout the world as prescription medicines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity and illicitly as recreational substances.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠. These effects are listed and defined in detail within their own dedicated articles below:
Time distortion - This can be described as the experience of time speeding up and passing much quicker than it usually would when sober.
After effects
The effects which occur during the offset of a stimulant experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its peak. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of neurotransmitter depletion. Its effects commonly include:
The chemicals below have a varying degree of stimulant effects. Some of the chemicals have a minimal stimulant effect while others may have a strong stimulant effect. Many of these substances possess other qualities including entactogenic or nootropic effects.
