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'''Motivation enhancement''' is an increased desire to perform tasks and accomplish goals in a productive manner.<ref>Kjærsgaard, T. (2015). Enhancing motivation by use of prescription stimulants: The ethics of motivation enhancement. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.990543</ref><ref name="Ilieva2013">Ilieva, I. P., & Farah, M. J. (2013). Enhancement stimulants: perceived motivational and cognitive advantages. Frontiers in neuroscience, 7, 198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00198</ref><ref>Nyholm, S. (2015). Motivation-enhancements and domain-specific values. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.995313</ref> This includes tasks and goals that would normally be considered too monotonous or overwhelming to fully commit oneself to.
'''Motivation enhancement''' is an increased desire to perform tasks and accomplish goals in a productive manner.<ref>Kjærsgaard, T. (2015). Enhancing motivation by use of prescription stimulants: The ethics of motivation enhancement. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.990543</ref><ref name="Ilieva2013">Ilieva, I. P., & Farah, M. J. (2013). Enhancement stimulants: perceived motivational and cognitive advantages. Frontiers in neuroscience, 7, 198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00198</ref><ref name="Nyholm2015">Nyholm, S. (2015). Motivation-enhancements and domain-specific values. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.995313</ref> This includes tasks and goals that would normally be considered too monotonous or overwhelming to fully commit oneself to.  


Motivation enhancement is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[stimulation]] and [[thought acceleration]] in a manner which further increases one's productivity. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[stimulant]] and [[nootropic]] compounds, such as [[amphetamine]],<ref>Terbeck, S. (2013). Why students bother taking Adderall: Measurement validity of self-reports. AJOB Neuroscience, 4(1), 21-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2012.762064</ref> [[methylphenidate]],<ref name="Ilieva2013"/> [[Noopept]], and [[modafinil]]. However, it may also occur to a much lesser extent under the influence of certain [[opioid|opioids]], and [[GABAergic|GABAergic]] [[depressant|depressants]].</onlyinclude>
A number of factors (which often, but not always, co-occur) reflect or contribute to task motivation: namely, wanting to complete a task, enjoying it or being interested in it.<ref name="Nyholm2015"/> Motivation may also be supported by closely related factors, such as positive mood, alertness, energy, and the absence of anxiety. Although motivation is a state, there are trait-like differences in the motivational states that people typically bring to tasks, just as there are differences in cognitive ability.<ref name="Ilieva2013"/>
 
Motivation enhancement is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[stimulation]] and [[thought acceleration]] in a manner which further increases one's productivity. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[stimulant]] and [[nootropic]] compounds, such as [[amphetamine]],<ref name="Ilieva2013"/><ref>Terbeck, S. (2013). Why students bother taking Adderall: Measurement validity of self-reports. AJOB Neuroscience, 4(1), 21-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2012.762064</ref> [[methylphenidate]],<ref name="Ilieva2013"/> [[nicotine]],<ref>Sagara, H., Kitamura, Y., Esumi, S., Sendo, T., Araki, H., & Gomita, Y. (2008). Motivational effects of nicotine as measured by the runway method using priming stimulation of intracranial self-stimulation behavior. Acta Med Okayama, 62, 227-233. https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/30940</ref> and [[modafinil]].<ref>Young, J. W., & Geyer, M. A. (2010). Action of modafinil—increased motivation via the dopamine transporter inhibition and D1 receptors?. Biological psychiatry, 67(8), 784-787. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2009.12.015</ref> However, it may also occur to a much lesser extent under the influence of certain [[opioid|opioids]],<ref name="Ting-A-Kee2012">Ting-A-Kee, R., & van der Kooy, D. (2012). The neurobiology of opiate motivation. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2(10), a012096. https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a012096</ref><ref>Riters, L. V. (2010). Evidence for opioid involvement in the motivation to sing. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 39(2), 141-150. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jchemneu.2009.03.008</ref> and [[GABAergic|GABAergic]] [[depressant|depressants]].<ref name="Ting-A-Kee2012"/></onlyinclude>
===Psychoactive substances===
===Psychoactive substances===
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include:
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include:

Revision as of 17:19, 5 August 2018

Motivation enhancement is an increased desire to perform tasks and accomplish goals in a productive manner.[1][2][3] This includes tasks and goals that would normally be considered too monotonous or overwhelming to fully commit oneself to.

A number of factors (which often, but not always, co-occur) reflect or contribute to task motivation: namely, wanting to complete a task, enjoying it or being interested in it.[3] Motivation may also be supported by closely related factors, such as positive mood, alertness, energy, and the absence of anxiety. Although motivation is a state, there are trait-like differences in the motivational states that people typically bring to tasks, just as there are differences in cognitive ability.[2]

Motivation enhancement is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as stimulation and thought acceleration in a manner which further increases one's productivity. It is most commonly induced under the influence of moderate dosages of stimulant and nootropic compounds, such as amphetamine,[2][4] methylphenidate,[2] nicotine,[5] and modafinil.[6] However, it may also occur to a much lesser extent under the influence of certain opioids,[7][8] and GABAergic depressants.[7]

Psychoactive substances

Compounds within our psychoactive substance index which may cause this effect include:

... further results

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kjærsgaard, T. (2015). Enhancing motivation by use of prescription stimulants: The ethics of motivation enhancement. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.990543
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Ilieva, I. P., & Farah, M. J. (2013). Enhancement stimulants: perceived motivational and cognitive advantages. Frontiers in neuroscience, 7, 198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00198
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nyholm, S. (2015). Motivation-enhancements and domain-specific values. AJOB Neuroscience, 6(1), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2014.995313
  4. ↑ Terbeck, S. (2013). Why students bother taking Adderall: Measurement validity of self-reports. AJOB Neuroscience, 4(1), 21-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2012.762064
  5. ↑ Sagara, H., Kitamura, Y., Esumi, S., Sendo, T., Araki, H., & Gomita, Y. (2008). Motivational effects of nicotine as measured by the runway method using priming stimulation of intracranial self-stimulation behavior. Acta Med Okayama, 62, 227-233. https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/30940
  6. ↑ Young, J. W., & Geyer, M. A. (2010). Action of modafinil—increased motivation via the dopamine transporter inhibition and D1 receptors?. Biological psychiatry, 67(8), 784-787. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2009.12.015
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ting-A-Kee, R., & van der Kooy, D. (2012). The neurobiology of opiate motivation. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2(10), a012096. https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a012096
  8. ↑ Riters, L. V. (2010). Evidence for opioid involvement in the motivation to sing. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 39(2), 141-150. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jchemneu.2009.03.008
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