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'''Delirium''' can be described as a general decrease within various aspects of one's normal levels of cognitive functioning. This typically includes fluctuating [[memory suppression|attentional deficits]] and a generally severe [[thought disorganization|disorganization of behavior]]. It can also involve other symptoms such as changes in energy levels, deficits in perception, an altered sleep-wake cycle, [[external hallucinations|hallucinations]], [[delusions]], and [[psychosis]]. | '''Delirium''' can be described as a general decrease within various aspects of one's normal levels of cognitive functioning. This typically includes fluctuating [[memory suppression|attentional deficits]] and a generally severe [[thought disorganization|disorganization of behavior]]. It can also involve other symptoms such as changes in energy levels, deficits in perception, an altered sleep-wake cycle, [[external hallucinations|hallucinations]], [[delusions]], and [[psychosis]].<ref>Delirum definition (merriam webster dictionary) | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/delirium</ref><ref>What is delirium? (psychology dictionary) | https://psychologydictionary.org/delirium/</ref><ref>Delirium (PsychologyToday) | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/delirium</ref> | ||
Delirium may present itself in three distinct forms. These are referred to in the scientific literature as hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed forms.<ref>Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065676/</ref> In its hyperactive form, it is manifested as severe confusion and disorientation, with a sudden onset and a fluctuating intensity.<ref>Delerium (mayoclinic.org) | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/delirium/basics/symptoms/con-20033982</ref> In its hypoactive (i.e. underactive) form, it is manifested by an equally sudden withdrawal from interaction with the outside world accompanied by symptoms such as drowsiness and general inactivity.<ref>Hypoactive delirium (bmj) | http://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j2047</ref> Delirium may also occur in a mixed type in which one can fluctuate between both hyper and hypoactive periods. | Delirium may present itself in three distinct forms. These are referred to in the scientific literature as hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed forms.<ref>Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065676/</ref> In its hyperactive form, it is manifested as severe confusion and disorientation, with a sudden onset and a fluctuating intensity.<ref>Delerium (mayoclinic.org) | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/delirium/basics/symptoms/con-20033982</ref> In its hypoactive (i.e. underactive) form, it is manifested by an equally sudden withdrawal from interaction with the outside world accompanied by symptoms such as drowsiness and general inactivity.<ref>Hypoactive delirium (bmj) | http://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j2047</ref> Delirium may also occur in a mixed type in which one can fluctuate between both hyper and hypoactive periods. | ||
Delirium is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[deliriant]] compounds, such as [[DPH]], [[datura]], and [[benzydamine]]. However, it can also occur as a result of an extremely wide range of health problems such as urinary tract infections, influenza, and alzheimer’s. | Delirium is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[deliriant]] compounds, such as [[DPH]],<ref>Acute delirium associated with combined diphenhydramine and linezolid use (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14742796</ref> [[datura]],<ref>Datura delirium (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1591736</ref> and [[benzydamine]]. However, it can also occur as a result of an extremely wide range of health problems such as urinary tract infections,<ref>Delirium, a Symptom of UTI in the Elderly: Fact or Fable? A Systematic Review (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940475/</ref> influenza,<ref>The neuropsychiatric aspects of influenza/swine flu: A selective review (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530294/</ref> and alzheimer’s.<ref>Delirium in Alzheimer disease. (Europe PMC) | https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/9071440</ref> | ||
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===Psychoactive substances=== | ===Psychoactive substances=== | ||
Revision as of 21:35, 3 July 2018
Delirium can be described as a general decrease within various aspects of one's normal levels of cognitive functioning. This typically includes fluctuating attentional deficits and a generally severe disorganization of behavior. It can also involve other symptoms such as changes in energy levels, deficits in perception, an altered sleep-wake cycle, hallucinations, delusions, and psychosis.[1][2][3]
Delirium may present itself in three distinct forms. These are referred to in the scientific literature as hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed forms.[4] In its hyperactive form, it is manifested as severe confusion and disorientation, with a sudden onset and a fluctuating intensity.[5] In its hypoactive (i.e. underactive) form, it is manifested by an equally sudden withdrawal from interaction with the outside world accompanied by symptoms such as drowsiness and general inactivity.[6] Delirium may also occur in a mixed type in which one can fluctuate between both hyper and hypoactive periods.
Delirium is most commonly induced under the influence of heavy dosages of deliriant compounds, such as DPH,[7] datura,[8] and benzydamine. However, it can also occur as a result of an extremely wide range of health problems such as urinary tract infections,[9] influenza,[10] and alzheimer’s.[11]
Psychoactive substances
Compounds within our psychoactive substance index which may cause this effect include:
- 3-MMC
- 4-FA
- Benzydamine
- Datura
- Desoxypipradrol
- Diphenhydramine
- Eszopiclone
- MDMA
- Promethazine
- Tizanidine
- Zopiclone
See also
- Responsible use
- Psychosis
- Deliriants - Subjective effects
- Dissociatives - Subjective effects
- Psychedelics - Subjective effects
External links
References
- ↑ Delirum definition (merriam webster dictionary) | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/delirium
- ↑ What is delirium? (psychology dictionary) | https://psychologydictionary.org/delirium/
- ↑ Delirium (PsychologyToday) | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/delirium
- ↑ Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065676/
- ↑ Delerium (mayoclinic.org) | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/delirium/basics/symptoms/con-20033982
- ↑ Hypoactive delirium (bmj) | http://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j2047
- ↑ Acute delirium associated with combined diphenhydramine and linezolid use (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14742796
- ↑ Datura delirium (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1591736
- ↑ Delirium, a Symptom of UTI in the Elderly: Fact or Fable? A Systematic Review (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940475/
- ↑ The neuropsychiatric aspects of influenza/swine flu: A selective review (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530294/
- ↑ Delirium in Alzheimer disease. (Europe PMC) | https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/9071440