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'''Antipsychotics''' (also known as '''neuroleptics''' or '''major tranquilizers''')<ref>{{cite book|last=Cubeddu|first=Richard Finkel, Michelle A. Clark, Luigi X.|title=Pharmacology|year=2009|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9780781771559|page=151|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Q4hG2gRhy7oC&pg=PA151|edition=4th}}</ref> are a class of psychiatric medication primarily used to manage [[psychosis]] (including [[delusion]]s, [[hallucinations]], or [[disordered thought), in particular in [[schizophrenia]] and [[bipolar disorder]], and are increasingly being used in the management of non-psychotic disorders ([[Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System|ATC]] code N05A). The word '''neuroleptic''' originates from the Greek word "''νεῦρον''", ''neuron'' ("nerve") and ''lepsis'' ("seizure" or "fit").<ref>{{cite book|title=Moby's Medical ctionary|publisher=Elsevier}}</ref>
{{Information/Antipsychotic}}
{{Stub}}'''Antipsychotics''' (also known as '''neuroleptics''' or '''major tranquilizers''')<ref>{{cite book | vauthors=((Finkel, R.)), ((Clark, M. A.)), ((Cubeddu, L. X.)) | date= 2009 | title=Pharmacology | publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | isbn=9780781771559}}</ref> are a class of psychiatric medication primarily used to manage [[psychosis]] (including [[Delusions|delusions]], [[External hallucinations|hallucinations]], or [[thought disorganization|disordered thought]]), particularly in [[wikipedia:schizophrenia|schizophrenia]], [[wikipedia:bipolar disorder|bipolar disorder]], and as an add on treatment in some cases of major depressive disorder.


First-generation antipsychotics, known as [[typical antipsychotics]], were discovered in the 1950s. Most second-generation drugs, known as [[atypical antipsychotics]], have been developed more recently, although the first atypical antipsychotic, [[clozapine]], was discovered in the 1950s and introduced clinically in the 1970s. Both generations of medication tend to block receptors in the brain's [[dopamine pathway]]s, but atypicals tend to act on [[serotonin]] receptors as well.
First generation antipsychotics, known as typical antipsychotics, were discovered in the 1950s. Most second generation drugs, called atypical antipsychotics, have been developed more recently. The first atypical antipsychotic, [[clozapine]], was discovered in the 1950s and introduced clinically in the 1970s. Both generations of medication tend to block receptors in the brain's [[dopamine]] pathways; atypicals tend to act on [[serotonin]] receptors as well.


Notable and relatively common adverse effects of antipsychotics include [[extrapyramidal symptoms]] (which involve motor control) and [[hyperprolactinaemia]] primarily in typicals and weight gain and metabolic abnormalities mostly in atypicals.<ref name = "SCZ">{{cite web | url = http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/288259-overview | title = Schizophrenia | author = Frankenburg FR, Dunayevich E, Albucher RC, Talavera F | publisher = emedicine.medscape.com | accessdate = 2013-10-02 }}</ref>
Notable and relatively common adverse effects of antipsychotics include extrapyramidal symptoms (which involve motor control and are very serious), hyperprolactinaemia (primarily in typicals), weight gain and metabolic abnormalities (mostly in atypicals).<ref name="SCZ">{{cite web | url = http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/288259-overview | title = Schizophrenia | last1=Frankenburg|first1=F. R.|last2=Dunayevich|first2=E.|last3=Albucher|first3=R. C.|last4=Talavera|first4=F.| publisher = emedicine.medscape.com | accessdate = 2013-10-02 }}</ref>
 
==Examples==
 
===First-generation (typical) antipsychotics===
 
*[[Aceperone]]
*[[Acepromazine]]
*[[Acetophenazine]]
*[[Azaperone]]
*[[Benperidol]]
*[[Bromperidol]]
*[[Chlorpromazine]]
*[[Chlorprothixene]]
*[[Clopenthixol]]
*[[Cyamemazine]]
*[[Dixyrazine]]
*[[Droperidol]]
*[[Flupentixol]]
*[[Fluphenazine]]
*[[Fluspirilene]]
*[[Haloperidol]]
*[[Levomepromazine]]
*[[Loxapine]]
*[[Mesoridazine]] (Serentil)
*[[Moperone]]
*[[Penfluridol]]
*[[Perazine]]
*[[Pericyazine]]
*[[Perphenazine]]
*[[Pimozide]]
*[[Pipamperone]]
*[[Pipotiazine]]
*[[Prochlorperazine]]
*[[Promazine]]
*[[Promethazine]]
*[[Prothipendyl]]
*[[Sulphride]]
*[[Thioproperazine]]
*[[Thioridazine]]
*[[Thiothixene]]
*[[Timiperone]]
*[[Trifluoperazine]]
*[[Triflupromazine]]
 
===Second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics===
 
*[[Amisulpride]]
*[[Aripiprazole]]
*[[Aripiprazole lauroxil]] (Aristada)
*[[Brexpiprazole]]
*[[Cariprazine]]
*[[Clozapine]]
*[[Iloperidone]]
*[[Lurasidone]]
*[[Lumateperone]]
*[[Melperone]]
*[[Nemonapride]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Paliperidone]]
*[[Perospirone]]
*[[Quetiapine]]
*[[Remoxipride]]
*[[Risperidone]]
*[[Sultopride]]
*[[Ziprasidone]]
*[[Zuclopenthixol]]
 
===Third-generation antipsychotics===
 
*Phenylpiperazines/quinolinones
**[[Aripiprazole]] (Abilify)
**[[Aripiprazole lauroxil]] (Abilify Maintena)
**[[Brexpiprazole]]
**[[Cariprazine]]
*Benzisoxazoles/benzisothiazoles
**Lurasidone (Latuda)
 
==See also==
 
*[[Responsible use]]
 
==External links==
 
*[[wikipedia:Antipsychotic|Antipsychotic (Wikipedia)]]
 
==References==
<references />
 
[[Category:Antipsychotic| ]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]

Latest revision as of 22:02, 12 February 2025

Different antipsychotics reduce the intensity of trips in different ways.

This article is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

Antipsychotics (also known as neuroleptics or major tranquilizers)[1] are a class of psychiatric medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, or disordered thought), particularly in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and as an add on treatment in some cases of major depressive disorder.

First generation antipsychotics, known as typical antipsychotics, were discovered in the 1950s. Most second generation drugs, called atypical antipsychotics, have been developed more recently. The first atypical antipsychotic, clozapine, was discovered in the 1950s and introduced clinically in the 1970s. Both generations of medication tend to block receptors in the brain's dopamine pathways; atypicals tend to act on serotonin receptors as well.

Notable and relatively common adverse effects of antipsychotics include extrapyramidal symptoms (which involve motor control and are very serious), hyperprolactinaemia (primarily in typicals), weight gain and metabolic abnormalities (mostly in atypicals).[2]

Examples

First-generation (typical) antipsychotics

Second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics

Third-generation antipsychotics

See also

References

  1. ↑ Finkel, R., Clark, M. A., Cubeddu, L. X. (2009). Pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781771559. 
  2. ↑ Frankenburg, F. R.; Dunayevich, E.; Albucher, R. C.; Talavera, F. "Schizophrenia". emedicine.medscape.com. Retrieved 2013-10-02. 
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