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m Add legality + citation for Netherlands, with a focus on a recent law that is a blanket ban
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{{headerpanel|{{Template:Warning/2C-P}}}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SubstanceBox/2C-P}}
{{SubstanceBox/2C-P}}
'''2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine''' (also known as '''2C-P''') is a lesser-known [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] of the [[chemical class::phenethylamine]] class. 2C-P is a relatively obscure member of the [[2C-x]] family of psychedelic phenethylamines and is known to be one of the most potent, long-lasting, and dose-sensitive of the series.
'''2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine''' (also known as '''2C-P''') is a lesser-known novel [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[chemical class::phenethylamine]] class. 2C-P is a relatively obscure member of the [[2C-x]] family of psychedelic phenethylamines, which are closely related to the classical psychedelic [[mescaline]]. It is known as one of the most potent, dose-sensitive, and long-lasting of the series. Although the precise mechanism is not known, it is thought to produce its psychoactive effects by activating [[serotonin]] [[receptors]] in parts of the brain.
2C-P was first synthesized and tested for human activity by [[Alexander Shulgin]], who documented his findings in the 1991 book [[PiHKAL]] ("Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved").<ref>https://erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal.shtml | [[PiHKAL]] </ref> The reports found in the 2C-P PiHKAL entry remark on its depth and long onset and duration of action, with the commentary section describing 16 mg as a clear overdose with physical consequences. The commentary also notes the small window separating an adequate dose from an excessive dose, suggesting it is relatively easy to overdose on.
2C-P was first synthesized and tested for human activity by the American chemist [[Alexander Shulgin]], who documented his findings in the 1991 book [[PiHKAL]] ("Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved").<ref name="PiHKAL">{{cite book|title=PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story|title-link=PiHKAL|author-link1=Alexander Shulgin|author1=Alexander Shulgin|author2=Ann Shulgin|year=1991|publisher=Transform Press|location=United States|isbn=0963009605|oclc=1166889264|chapter-url=https://erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal036.shtml|chapter=#36. 2C-P}}</ref> The reports found in the 2C-P PiHKAL entry remark on its depth and long onset and duration of action, with the commentary section describing 16 mg as a clear overdose with "physical consequences." The commentary also notes the small window separating an adequate dose from an excessive dose, suggesting it is relatively easy to overdose on.
User reports following the publication of PiHKAL tend to characterize 2C-P in terms of its unusually long duration, powerful, sometimes overwhelming visuals, and intense "body load" (such as persisting [[nausea]], [[muscle tension]] and general bodily discomfort). 2C-P's head space and visuals have been described as possessing more similarities to alkylated 2C's like [[2C-E]] than halogenated members like [[2C-B]] or [[2C-I]]. Some reports suggest it may be easier to experience agitation and delirium on 2C-P than other 2C's, perhaps owing to the ease in which it can be mishandled. As a result, it is considered to have a relatively questionable safety profile for a psychedelic.
[[Subjective effects]] include [[geometry|open and closed-eye visuals]], [[time distortion]], [[conceptual thinking]], [[euphoria]], and [[ego loss]]. User reports tend to characterize the effects of 2C-P in terms of its unusually long duration, powerful, sometimes overwhelming visuals, and intense "body load" consisting of [[nausea]], [[muscle tension]], and general bodily discomfort. Some reports suggest it may be easier to experience agitation and [[delirium]] on 2C-P than other 2C's, perhaps owing to the ease in which it can be mis-dosed. As a result, it is considered to have an unfavorable safety profile among psychedelics.
Due its powerful effects and unusually long duration, 2C-P may be overly intense and difficult to use safely for those who are not already experienced with [[hallucinogens]]. It is strongly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance. Dosing practices like "eye-balling" (i.e. using the naked eye instead of a reliable milligram scale) or non-oral [[routes of administration]] should especially be avoided. [[Volumetric liquid dosing]] is commonly recommended when dealing with substances of this potency.
Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 2C-P. Due its powerful effects and unusually long duration, 2C-P may be overly intense and difficult to use safely for those who are not highly experienced with [[hallucinogens]]. It is strongly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance. These include avoiding "eye-balling" (i.e. measuring the dose with the naked eye instead of a reliable milligram scale) and non-oral [[routes of administration]]. [[Volumetric liquid dosing]] is commonly recommended when dealing with substances of this potency.
==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
2C-P or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine is a substituted [[phenethylamines|phenethylamine]] featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain. 2C-P contains methoxy functional groups CH<sub>3</sub>O- attached to carbons R<sub>2</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and a propyl chain attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. 2C-P belongs to the 2C family of phenethylamines which contain methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring.<ref>http://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?id=36</ref>
2C-P or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine is a substituted [[phenethylamines|phenethylamine]] featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain. 2C-P contains methoxy functional groups CH<sub>3</sub>O- attached to carbons R<sub>2</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and a propyl chain attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. 2C-P belongs to the 2C family of phenethylamines which contain methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring.<ref name="PiHKAL" />
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
2C-P is a relatively potent and long acting psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family which possesses stimulant type effects as well. It was first described by Alexander Shulgin in his book ''[[PiHKAL]]''.
2C-P has been shown to produce a variety of intense [[hallucinogenic]] type effects ranging from drastic changes in consciousness and perception, to open and closed eye visuals. 2C-P is considered to be one of the strongest 2C-x compounds dosage for dosage, rivaled only by 2C-TFM.
2C-P's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how it results in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive.
2C-P's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how it results in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive.
==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
2C-P's head space and visuals have been described as possessing more similarities to alkylated 2C's like [[2C-E]] than halogenated members like [[2C-B]] or [[2C-I]].
{{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}}
{{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}}
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2C-P use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because 2C-P is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2C-P use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because 2C-P is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage.
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===Overdose===
===Overdose===
The LD<sub>50</sub> of 2C-P has not been established. However, it is believed that 2C-P is likely to have a smaller therapeutic window compared to other 2C's, meaning a lethal dose may be achieved more easily. 2C-P is known to be highly dose-sensitive: a difference of 2 or 5 milligrams may radically change the nature of the experience along with its safety profile. Users who wish to take high doses of this compound are advised to titrate upward slowly, use reliable milligram scales to measure doses, and avoid non-oral routes of administration such as insufflation or injection.
{{GenericPanel/warning
| title=2C-P is difficult to dose properly, and requires patience. Be aware that impulsive overdosing can lead to an overdose. Please structure a calculated dosage regimen and stick to it.
| content=* 2C-P has a '''steep dose-response curve''': As little as a few extra milligrams separating a manageable dose and an overdose.<ref name="Erowid" /> Users who wish to take high doses of this compound are advised to titrate upward slowly, use reliable milligram scales to measure doses, and avoid non-oral routes of administration such as insufflation or injection.
* 2C-P has a '''very slow onset''': The peak effects reportedly do not occur for 1 to 3 hours.<ref name="Erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid Online Books : “PIHKAL” - #36 2C-P | url=https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal036.shtml}}</ref> Thus it's advised to wait for ''at least'' 3 hours before re-dosing is considered, and even longer for full stomach content.
* 2C-P has a '''very long half-life''': The anecdotal estimated elimination half-life is 19 hours.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28130544/</ref>
}}
There currently exists one case of lethal overdose involving 2C-P. A 25-year old British female died following the ingestion of a large dose of 2C-P at a music festival in 2017. Her boyfriend was charged with manslaughter for allegedly refusing to get her medical attention.<ref>Siddique, Haroon (5 February 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/feb/05/louella-fletcher-michie-death-bestival-overdose-trial "Party drugs killed TV actor's daughter at music festival, court hears"]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 5 February 2019.</ref>
The LD<sub>50</sub> of 2C-P has not been established. However, it is believed that 2C-P is likely to have a smaller therapeutic window compared to other 2C's, meaning a lethal dose may be achieved more easily.
In 2017, a 25-year old British female died following the ingestion of a large dose of 2C-P at a music festival.<ref>{{cite news|author=Steven Morris|date=February 13, 2019|title=Bestival death may be world's first 2C-P fatality, court hears|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/feb/13/bestival-death-may-be-worlds-first-2-cp-fatality-court-hears|publisher=The Guardian|access-date=October 12, 2020}}</ref> No source reported clear evidence that 2C-P by itself led to the immediate death of the female.
===Dependence and abuse potential===
===Dependence and abuse potential===
As a [[serotonergic psychedelic]], 2C-P is considered to have a [[Addiction potential::low potential for abuse and dependence]].
As a [[serotonergic psychedelic]], 2C-P is considered to have a [[Addiction potential::low potential for abuse and dependence]].
Tolerance to the effects of 2C-P are built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 2C-P produces cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of 2C-P all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
Tolerance to the effects of 2C-P is built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 2C-P produces cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of 2C-P all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
===Dangerous interactions===
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Psychedelics}}
*'''[[UncertainInteraction::Cannabis]]''' - Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with the effects of psychedelics. Extreme caution is advised when using this combination as it can significantly increase the chances of a negative psychological reaction like [[anxiety]], [[paranoia]], [[panic attacks]], and [[psychosis]]. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their normal cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid over intake.
*'''[[UncertainInteraction::Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]], and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may result in an elevated risk of [[mania]] and [[psychosis]].{{citation needed}}
*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) [[UnsafeInteraction::Lithium]]]''' - Lithium is often prescribed as a treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}}
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures in susceptible individuals.{{citation needed}}
==Legal status==
==Legal status==
2C-P is not scheduled under the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is considered to exist in a legal grey area in many countries, meaning that it might not be specifically illegal but individuals may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with the intent to sell or consume.
2C-P is not scheduled under the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is considered to exist in a legal grey area in many countries, meaning that while it is not specifically illegal, individuals may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with the intent to sell or consume.
*'''Austria:''' 2C-P is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich).{{citation needed}}
*'''Austria''': 2C-P is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich). In its Schedule II, the further specifying NPSV (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung Österreich) explicitly bans all substituted phenetylamines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20007642|title=Bundesrecht konsolidiert: Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung|date=June 26, 2019|language=de|access-date=January 10, 2021}}</ref>
*'''Canada:''' 2C-P would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.<ref>Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (S.C. 1996, c. 19) |http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-12.html#h-28</ref>
*'''Canada''': 2C-P would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://isomerdesign.com/Cdsa/schedule.php?schedule=3§ion=ALL&structure=C|title=Schedule III|work=Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA)|publisher=Isomer Design|access-date=October 10, 2020}}</ref>
*'''China:''' As of October 2015, 2C-P is a controlled substance in China.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html | title=关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 | publisher=China Food and Drug Administration | date=27 September 2015 | language=Chinese | accessdate=1 October 2015}}</ref>
*'''China''': As of October 2015, 2C-P is a controlled substance in China.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html|title=关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知|publisher=国家食品药品监督管理总局 [China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)]|date=September 27, 2015|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906191704/http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html|archive-date=September 6, 2017}}</ref>
*'''Denmark:''' 2C-P is on the list of Schedule B controlled substances.<ref>https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=137169</ref>
*'''Denmark''': 2C-P is on the list of Schedule B controlled substances.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=137169|title=Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=da|id=BEK Nr. 557|date=May 31, 2011|publisher=Civilstyrelsen [Civil Agency]}}</ref>
*'''Germany''': On December 13, 2014 2C-P was added to the controlled substance act ("BtMG"), making it illegal to produce, sell or possess.<ref>Achtundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften (28. BtMÄndV)| http://www.buzer.de/gesetz/11392/a189949.htm</ref>
*'''Germany''': 2C-P is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (''Narcotics Act, Schedule I'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html|title=Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln: Anlage I|publisher=Bundesamt für Justiz [Federal Office of Justice]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of December 13, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl114s1999.pdf|title=Achtundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2014 Teil I Nr. 57|page=1999-2002|publication-date=December 12, 2014|language=de|oclc=231871244|issn=0341-1095|date=December 5, 2014}}</ref> It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/__29.html|title=Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln: § 29|publisher=Bundesamt für Justiz [Federal Office of Justice]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Latvia:''' 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem (2,5-Dimetoksifeniletānamīni) | http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086</ref>
*'''Japan''': 2C-P is a controlled substance in Japan effective March 25th, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/0000078803.html|title=危険ドラッグの成分１６物質を新たに指定薬物に指定|publisher=厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)]|access-date=May 2, 2022|language=ja}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland:''' Possession, production and sale is illegal.<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20170329020935/https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html</ref>
*'''Latvia''': 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086|title=Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem|publisher=VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis|access-date=January 1, 2020|publication-date=November 10, 2005|language=lv}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom:''' 2C-P is a Class A drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the phenethylamine catch-all clause.<ref>United Kingdom. (1977). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 1977/1243). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved July 5, 2017, from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1977/1243/made</ref>
*'''Switzerland''': 2C-P is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''United States:''' 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>http://www.justice.gov/ola/views-letters/112/093011-ltr-re-hr1254-synthetic-drug-control-act-2011.pdf</ref> This means 2C-P is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, process, or distribute without a license from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
*'''Turkey:''' 2C-P is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı - Karar Sayısı : 2011/1310|url=https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/02/20110213-4.htm|publisher=Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication]|publication-date=February 13, 2011|date=January 7, 2011|work=Resmî Gazete, Sayı: 27845|language=tr}}</ref>
*'''The Netherlands:''' 2C-P is currently legal, but it is part of a substance group that may be banned soon as part of a recently passed law on New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). <ref>{{Citation|title= Wijziging van de Opiumwet in verband met het toevoegen van een derde lijst met als doel het tegengaan van de productie van en de handel in nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen en enkele andere wijzigingen (Dutch) | year=2024|url=https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/wetsvoorstellen/detail?id=2022Z14042&dossier=36159}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': 2C-P is a Class A drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the phenethylamine catch-all clause.<ref>{{cite web|title=Schedule 2: Part I: Class A Drugs|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/schedule/2/part/I|work="Misuse of Drugs Act 1971"|access-date=August 20, 2020|publisher=UK Government}}</ref>
*'''United States''': 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>{{cite letter|url=http://www.justice.gov/ola/views-letters/112/093011-ltr-re-hr1254-synthetic-drug-control-act-2011.pdf|publisher=Office of Legislative Affairs|author=Ronald Weich (Assistant Attorney General)|recipient=F. James Sensenbrenner Jr. (Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security)|date=September 30, 2011|subject=Additional Synthetic Drugs for Inclusion in section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act}}</ref> This means 2C-P is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, process, or distribute without a license from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/archive/index.php/t-129380.html The Big & Dandy 2C-P Thread (Bluelight)]
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/archive/index.php/t-129380.html The Big & Dandy 2C-P Thread (Bluelight)]
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[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
[[Category:2C-x]]
[[Category:Research chemical]]
[[Category:Research chemical]]
[[Category:Phenethylamine]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
{{#set:Featured=true
{{#set:Featured=true
Latest revision as of 17:38, 18 January 2024
2C-P is very difficult to dose properly.
Due to its unusually slow onset, long duration, and steep dose-response curve, it is strongly discouraged to re-dose 2C-P earlier than every 3 hours to a total of 2 milligrams above a previously evaluated dose. Also, even for experienced trippers, it is advised to not go above a common dose for the first time (see dosage table) per 70 kg body weight, as the session will last for several times longer compared to most psychedelics. Please see this section for more details.
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine (also known as 2C-P) is a lesser-known novel psychedelic substance of the phenethylamine class. 2C-P is a relatively obscure member of the 2C-x family of psychedelic phenethylamines, which are closely related to the classical psychedelic mescaline. It is known as one of the most potent, dose-sensitive, and long-lasting of the series. Although the precise mechanism is not known, it is thought to produce its psychoactive effects by activating serotoninreceptors in parts of the brain.
2C-P was first synthesized and tested for human activity by the American chemist Alexander Shulgin, who documented his findings in the 1991 book PiHKAL ("Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved").[1] The reports found in the 2C-P PiHKAL entry remark on its depth and long onset and duration of action, with the commentary section describing 16 mg as a clear overdose with "physical consequences." The commentary also notes the small window separating an adequate dose from an excessive dose, suggesting it is relatively easy to overdose on.
Subjective effects include open and closed-eye visuals, time distortion, conceptual thinking, euphoria, and ego loss. User reports tend to characterize the effects of 2C-P in terms of its unusually long duration, powerful, sometimes overwhelming visuals, and intense "body load" consisting of nausea, muscle tension, and general bodily discomfort. Some reports suggest it may be easier to experience agitation and delirium on 2C-P than other 2C's, perhaps owing to the ease in which it can be mis-dosed. As a result, it is considered to have an unfavorable safety profile among psychedelics.
Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 2C-P. Due its powerful effects and unusually long duration, 2C-P may be overly intense and difficult to use safely for those who are not highly experienced with hallucinogens. It is strongly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance. These include avoiding "eye-balling" (i.e. measuring the dose with the naked eye instead of a reliable milligram scale) and non-oral routes of administration. Volumetric liquid dosing is commonly recommended when dealing with substances of this potency.
2C-P or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine is a substituted phenethylamine featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain. 2C-P contains methoxy functional groups CH3O- attached to carbons R2 and R5 and a propyl chain attached to carbon R4 of the phenyl ring. 2C-P belongs to the 2C family of phenethylamines which contain methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring.[1]
2C-P is a relatively potent and long acting psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family which possesses stimulant type effects as well. It was first described by Alexander Shulgin in his book PiHKAL.
2C-P has been shown to produce a variety of intense hallucinogenic type effects ranging from drastic changes in consciousness and perception, to open and closed eye visuals. 2C-P is considered to be one of the strongest 2C-x compounds dosage for dosage, rivaled only by 2C-TFM.
2C-P's psychedelic effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the 5-HT2A receptor as a partial agonist. However, the role of these interactions and how it results in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.
Subjective effects
2C-P's head space and visuals have been described as possessing more similarities to alkylated 2C's like 2C-E than halogenated members like 2C-B or 2C-I.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
Stimulation - 2C-P is considered to be very energetic and stimulating in a fashion that is comparable to that of 2C-B, 2C-I and other substances within the 2C-x family, being encouraged instead of forced.
Spontaneous bodily sensations - In comparison to 2C-E or 2C-B, the "body high" of 2C-P can be considered as mild although still capable of becoming very powerful and highly physically euphoric. It is similar yet distinct from the "body high" experienced on 2C-E, 2C-B, and LSD. The sensation itself can be described as intense and will manifest itself in the form of a continuously shifting tingling sensation that travels up and down the body in spontaneous waves. This is coupled by an equally intense yet slightly uncomfortable energetic pins and needles sensation that constantly encompasses a person’s entire body as well as a slight warm glow that manifests itself much less consistently than the other two physical components. All of these are capable of becoming very physically euphoric.
Tactile enhancement - This effect is particularly prominent but capable of going in both pleasurable and uncomfortable directions. This can result in pleasurable tactile sensations but also enhances bodily aches and pains which one may not have previously been aware of to the point of extreme discomfort.
Temperature regulation suppression[citation needed] - 2C-P is reported to be able to cause large perceived increases and decreases in temperature in a dose dependent manner. This can become extremely uncomfortable if not dangerous at larger doses due to the fever-like delirium that is sometimes reported.
Nausea - Mild to extreme nausea is consistently reported when consumed in moderate to high dosages and either passes once the user has vomited or gradually fades by itself as the peak sets in.
Increased libido - A common theme found in many 2C-P reports is the way in which it can heighten and enhance sexual arousal. When experienced, this sensation is not overwhelming or out of control but simply remains something that the user is constantly aware of. If sexual activities of any kind are engaged in, they are have been reported to be immensely more pleasurable than anything that can be achieved in a sober state.
Teeth grinding - A very common effect of 2C-P, and more pronounced with 2C-P than other 2C's or psychedelic substances in general. Can become very uncomfortable, especially with higher doses.
Drifting(melting, flowing, breathing and morphing) - In comparison to other psychedelics, this effect can be described as highly detailed, slow and smooth in motion, static in appearance and unrealistic/cartoon-like in style.
The visual geometry present can be described as being more similar in appearance to that of 4-AcO-DMT or ayahuasca than that of LSD, 2C-B or 2C-I. They can be comprehensively described as structured in their organization, organic in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, colorful in scheme, glossy in color, sharp in their edges and equally rounded and angular in their corners. It gives off a contradictory natural and synthetic feel that at higher dosages are significantly more likely to result in states of Level 8B visual geometry over Level 8A. There seems to be visual geometry that is distinct from 2C-E, psilocin and ayahuasca and can be described as faster moving and more intense in proportion to cognitive and physical effects than 2C-E.
Hallucinatory states
2C-P produces a full range of high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is more consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelics. This holds particularly true in comparison to other 2C-x phenethylamines such as 2C-B or 2C-I. These effects include:
Internal hallucination (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; perspective hallucinations and scenarios and plots) - In comparison to other psychedelics such as LSD, 2C-P is extremely high in hallucinations embedded within visual geometry. This particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They are more common within dark environments and can be described as lucid in believability, interactive in style and almost exclusively of a personal, religious, spiritual, science-fiction, fantasy, surreal, nonsensical or transcendental nature in their overall theme.
Unspeakable horrors - This is an effect that is typically associated with deliriants rather than psychedelics. Based on anecdotal reports, they only tend to occur at higher doses and are likely a result of the pronounced temperature increasing properties this substance has compared to other 2C-x and psychedelics, which can lend readily to delirium-like states.
Cognitive effects
The cognitive effects of 2C-P have been described as both insightful and relatively normal in their thought processes up to moderate dosages, after which their confusing, and disorienting effects can increase considerably.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2C-P use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because 2C-P is a research chemical with very little history of human usage.
Anecdotal reports suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the substance by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
2C-P is difficult to dose properly, and requires patience. Be aware that impulsive overdosing can lead to an overdose. Please structure a calculated dosage regimen and stick to it.
2C-P has a steep dose-response curve: As little as a few extra milligrams separating a manageable dose and an overdose.[2] Users who wish to take high doses of this compound are advised to titrate upward slowly, use reliable milligram scales to measure doses, and avoid non-oral routes of administration such as insufflation or injection.
2C-P has a very slow onset: The peak effects reportedly do not occur for 1 to 3 hours.[2] Thus it's advised to wait for at least 3 hours before re-dosing is considered, and even longer for full stomach content.
2C-P has a very long half-life: The anecdotal estimated elimination half-life is 19 hours.[3]
The LD50 of 2C-P has not been established. However, it is believed that 2C-P is likely to have a smaller therapeutic window compared to other 2C's, meaning a lethal dose may be achieved more easily.
In 2017, a 25-year old British female died following the ingestion of a large dose of 2C-P at a music festival.[4] No source reported clear evidence that 2C-P by itself led to the immediate death of the female.
Dependence and abuse potential
As a serotonergic psychedelic, 2C-P is considered to have a low potential for abuse and dependence.
Tolerance to the effects of 2C-P is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 3 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 7 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 2C-P produces cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all psychedelics]], meaning that after the consumption of 2C-P all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
Dangerous interactions
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
[[Wikipedia:Lithium_(medication)|DangerousInteraction::Lithium]] - Lithium is commonly prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder. There is a large body of anecdotal evidence that suggests taking it with psychedelics significantly increases the risk of psychosis and seizures. As a result, this combination is strictly discouraged.
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Cannabis may have an unexpectedly strong and unpredictable synergy with the effects of 2C-P. Caution is advised with this combination as it can significantly increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions like anxiety, paranoia, panic attacks, and psychosis. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their normal cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid unintentional overdose.
"[[UnsafeInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Tramadol is well-documented to lower the seizure threshold[5] and psychedelics may act to trigger seizures in susceptible individuals.[citation needed]
Legal status
2C-P is not scheduled under the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is considered to exist in a legal grey area in many countries, meaning that while it is not specifically illegal, individuals may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with the intent to sell or consume.
Austria: 2C-P is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich). In its Schedule II, the further specifying NPSV (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung Österreich) explicitly bans all substituted phenetylamines.[6]
Canada: 2C-P would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.[7]
China: As of October 2015, 2C-P is a controlled substance in China.[8]
Denmark: 2C-P is on the list of Schedule B controlled substances.[9]
Germany: 2C-P is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I)[10] as of December 13, 2014.[11] It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.[12]
Japan: 2C-P is a controlled substance in Japan effective March 25th, 2015.[13]
Latvia: 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.[14]
Switzerland: 2C-P is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.[15]
Turkey: 2C-P is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.[16]
The Netherlands: 2C-P is currently legal, but it is part of a substance group that may be banned soon as part of a recently passed law on New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). [17]
United Kingdom: 2C-P is a Class A drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the phenethylamine catch-all clause.[18]
United States: 2C-P is a Schedule I controlled substance.[19] This means 2C-P is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, process, or distribute without a license from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
↑Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). "Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. ISSN1556-9039.
↑"Schedule III". Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA). Isomer Design. Retrieved October 10, 2020.
↑"关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in 中文). 国家食品药品监督管理总局 [China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)]. September 27, 2015. Archived from the original on September 6, 2017.
↑"Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı - Karar Sayısı : 2011/1310". Resmî Gazete, Sayı: 27845 (in Türkçe). Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication] (published February 13, 2011). January 7, 2011.
