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{{SummarySheet}}
{{SubstanceBox/LSZ}}
{{SubstanceBox/LSZ}}
{|
|-
| ''[[LSZ/Summary|Summary sheet: LSZ]]''
|}
'''LSZ''' (also known as '''lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide''' or '''Lambda''') is a [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] [[hallucinogenic]] drug of the [[chemical class::lysergamide]] family.


It was developed as a rigid analog of [[LSD]] with the diethylamide group constrained into an azetidine ring in order to map the binding site at the [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] [[receptor]].  This was done via a team led by [[David E. Nichols]] at Purdue University.
'''Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide''' (also known as '''λ''', '''Lambda''', and '''LSZ''') is a synthetic [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] of the [[chemical class::lysergamide]] chemical class which produces [[LSD#Subjective effects|LSD-like]] [[psychedelic]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]].


LSZ has little to no history of human usage prior to 2012 when it appeared on some [[research chemical]] markets in the UK.<ref name="ACMD">http://www.ukchemicalresearch.org/Thread-LSZ</ref><ref>ACMD (10 June 2014). "Update of the Generic Definition for Tryptamines" | https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/318693/UpdateGenericDefinitionTryptamines.pdf</ref> LSZ later gained international popularity through a small cluster of mail-order novel psychedelic shops that appeared in 2013.<ref>The Drug Revolution That No One Can Stop | https://medium.com/matter/the-drug-revolution-that-no-one-can-stop-19f753fb15e0#.fupvbuawp</ref>
In the 2000s, a team led by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_E._Nichols David E. Nichols] at Purdue University set to develop a rigid analog of [[LSD]] with the diethylamide group constrained into an azetidine ring in order to map the binding site at the [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] [[receptor]].<ref name="Nichols2002">{{cite journal|last1=Nichols|first1=D. E.|author-link1=David E. Nichols|last2=Frescas|first2=S.|last3=Marona-Lewicka|first3=D.|last4=Kurrasch-Orbaugh|first4=D. M.|year=2002|title=Lysergamides of Isomeric 2,4-Dimethylazetidines Map the Binding Orientation of the Diethylamide Moiety in the Potent Hallucinogenic Agent ''N'',''N''-Diethyllysergamide (LSD)|journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry|volume=45|issue=19|pages=4344-4349|doi=10.1021/jm020153s|issn=0022-2623|eissn=1520-4804|oclc=39480771|pmid=12213075}}</ref>


There have also been several unconfirmed reports of LSZ being synthesized in illicit laboratories and distributed on blotter paper or in liquid solution under names such as "diazedine" and "λ".<ref>Life Is a Cosmic Giggle on the Breath of the Universe | http://www.vice.com/en_ca/read/life-is-a-cosmic-giggle-803-v18n5?Contentpage=3</ref><ref>Cole, Krystle (2005). Lysergic. Indianapolis: Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 1-59858-007-8.</ref>
LSZ has little to no history of human usage prior to 2012 when it appeared on some [[research chemical]] markets in the UK.<ref name="ACMD2014">{{cite web|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/318693/UpdateGenericDefinitionTryptamines.pdf|title=Update of the generic definition for tryptamines|date=June 10, 2014|access-date=January 1, 2020|publisher=Government Digital Service|page=12|author=Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD)}}</ref> LSZ later gained international popularity through a small cluster of mail-order novel psychedelic shops that appeared in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://medium.com/matter/the-drug-revolution-that-no-one-can-stop-19f753fb15e0#.fupvbuawp|title=The Drug Revolution That No One Can Stop|author=Mike Power|date=January 29, 2014|access-date=January 7, 2020|publisher=Medium|work=Matter}}</ref> There have also been several unconfirmed reports of LSZ being synthesized in illicit laboratories and distributed on blotter paper or in liquid solution under names such as "Diazedine" and "λ" (or "Lambda").<ref>{{cite book|last=Cole|first=Krystle|year=2005|location=Indianapolis|publisher=Dog Ear Publishing|isbn=1-59858-007-8|title=Lysergic}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vice.com/en_ca/read/life-is-a-cosmic-giggle-803-v18n5?Contentpage=3|title=Life Is a Cosmic Giggle on the Breath of the Universe|author=Hamilton Morris|date=May 1, 2011|access-date=January 7, 2020|publisher=VICE}}</ref>
 
LSZ is not considered to be addictive or physiologically toxic.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lüscher|first1=Christian|last2=Ungless|first2=Mark A.|title=The Mechanistic Classification of Addictive Drugs|year=2006|journal=PLOS Medicine|volume=3|issue=11|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030437|pmid=17105338|issn=1549-1277|eissn=1549-1676}}</ref><ref name="Nichols2016">{{cite journal|last=Nichols|first=David E.|author-link=David E. Nichols|editor-last=Barker|editor-first=Eric L.|title=Psychedelics|journal=Pharmacological Reviews|volume=68|issue=2|pages=264-355|doi=10.1124/pr.115.011478|year=2016|issn=0031-6997|eissn=1521-0081}}</ref> Nevertheless, adverse psychological reactions such as severe [[anxiety]], [[paranoia]] and [[psychosis]] are always possible, particularly among those predisposed to mental illness.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Strassmann|first=Rick|title=Adverse reactions to psychedelic drugs. A review of the literature|journal=Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=172|issue=10|pages=577–595|doi=10.1097/00005053-198410000-00001|pmid=6384428|year=1984|issn=0022-3018|oclc=1754691}}</ref> It is highly advised to use [[Harm reduction#Hallucinogens|harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
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The structure contains a bicyclic hexahydroindole fused to a bicyclic quinoline group (lysergic acid). At carbon 8 of the quinoline, an amide group is bound. Additionally, the substitutions of the terminal nitrogen atom of the amide group form a 2,4-dimethylazetidide group. LSZ is additionally substituted at carbon 6 with a methyl group.
The structure contains a bicyclic hexahydroindole fused to a bicyclic quinoline group (lysergic acid). At carbon 8 of the quinoline, an amide group is bound. Additionally, the substitutions of the terminal nitrogen atom of the amide group form a 2,4-dimethylazetidide group. LSZ is additionally substituted at carbon 6 with a methyl group.


There are three possible stereoisomers around the azetidine ring with the (S,S)-(+) isomer being the most active. It is slightly more potent than LSD itself in drug discrimination tests using trained rats.<ref>Lysergamides of isomeric 2,4-dimethylazetidines map the binding orientation of the diethylamide moiety in the potent hallucinogenic agent N,N-diethyllysergamide (LSD) (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12213075</ref>
There are three possible stereoisomers around the azetidine ring with the (S,S)-(+) isomer being the most active. It is slightly more potent than LSD itself in drug discrimination tests using trained rats.<ref name="Nichols2002"></ref>


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{Main|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
LSZ likely acts as a [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. The [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from LSZ's efficacy at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.
LSZ likely acts as a [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. The [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from LSZ's efficacy at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.
==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
{{EffectStub}}
The effects listed below are based upon the [[subjective effects index]] and personal experiences of [[PsychonautWiki]] [[Special:TopUsers|contributors]]. The listed effects will rarely (if ever) occur all at once, but heavier dosages will increase the chances and are more likely to induce a full range of effects.
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
===Physical effects===
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous tactile sensations]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]'''


===Cognitive effects===
}}
 
{{effects/visual|
====Enhancements====
*'''[[Effect::Colour enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pattern recognition enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Visual acuity enhancement]]'''
 
====Distortions====
*'''[[Effect::Drifting]]''' ''([[Drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Drifting#Breathing|breathing]], [[Drifting#Morphing|morphing]] and [[Drifting#Flowing|flowing]])''
*'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Depth perception distortions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Perspective distortions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Symmetrical texture repetition]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''
 
====[[Effect::Geometry]]====
 
====Hallucinatory states====
*'''[[Effect::Transformations]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Internal hallucination]]''' (''[[effect::autonomous entities]]''; ''[[effect::settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]''; ''[[effect::perspective hallucinations]]'' and ''[[effect::scenarios and plots]]'')
 
}}
 
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Delusions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]'''
Line 54: Line 77:
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''


===Visual effects===
}}
====Enhancements====
*'''[[Effect::Colour enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pattern recognition enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Visual acuity enhancement]]'''


====Distortions====
{{effects/auditory|
*'''[[Effect::Drifting]]''' ''([[Drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Drifting#Breathing|breathing]], [[Drifting#Morphing|morphing]] and [[Drifting#Flowing|flowing]])''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory enhancement|Enhancements]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory distortion|Distortions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Depth perception distortions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Perspective distortions]]'''
}}
*'''[[Effect::Symmetrical texture repetition]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''


====[[Effect::Geometry]]====
}}


====Hallucinatory states====
===Experience reports===
*'''[[Effect::Transformations]]'''
Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]] include:
*'''[[Effect::Internal hallucinations]]''' (''[[effect::autonomous entities]]''; ''[[effect::settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]''; ''[[effect::alterations in perspective]]'' and ''[[effect::scenarios and plots]]'')
{{#ask: [[Category:LSZ]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}}
Additional experience reports can be found here:


===Auditory effects===
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_LSZ.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: LSZ]
*'''[[Effect::Auditory enhancement|Enhancements]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory distortion|Distortions]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''


==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{|
{{toxicity}}
|-
{{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}}
| [[File:Lolol.png|17px]]''Main articles: [[Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Research chemicals § Toxicity and harm potential]]'' ''&'' ''[[Responsible use #Hallucinogens|Responsible use § Hallucinogens]]''
|}
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational LSZ do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because LSZ is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychonaut community who have tried LSZ suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational LSZ do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because LSZ is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychonaut community who have tried LSZ suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.


It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
 
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
LSZ is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]] and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.  
LSZ is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]] and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.  


Tolerance to the effects of LSZ are built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). LSZ presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that all psychedelics will have a reduced effect after the consumption of LSZ.
Tolerance to the effects of LSZ is built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). LSZ presents cross-tolerance with all [[psychedelic]]s, meaning that all psychedelics will have a reduced effect after the consumption of LSZ.
 
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Psychedelics}}


==Legal issues==
==Legal status==
{{LegalStub}}
 
*'''U.K.''' - On June 10, 2014 the U.K. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that LSZ be specifically named in the U.K. Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying any harm associated with its use.<ref name="ACMD"></ref> The U.K. Home Office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on January 6th, 2015 as part of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2014. It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.<ref>Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted</ref>
*'''Denmark''': As of August 25, 2015, LSZ is specifically named on the list of illegal substances in Denmark.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk/da/nyheder/2015/bekendtgoerelse-om-euforiserende-stoffer-ni-nye-stoffer-tilfoejet|title=Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer - ni nye stoffer tilføjet|publisher=Danish Medicines Ageny|date=August 31, 2015|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=da}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland''' - LSZ was added to the list of controlled substances on the 1st of December 2015.<ref>https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/official-compilation/2015/5093.pdf</ref>
*'''Germany''': LSZ is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of July 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl119s1083.pdf|title=Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2019 Teil I Nr. 27|pages=1083-1094|publication-date=July 17, 2019|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Latvia''' - LSZ is illegal in Latvia. Although it isn't officially scheduled, it is controlled as an LSD structural analog due to an amendment made on June 1th, 2015.<ref>Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem (2.4.punkts) | http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086</ref>
*'''Japan''': LSZ is controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, making it illegal to possess or sell.<ref>{{cite web|title=危険ドラッグの成分３物質を新たに指定薬物に指定|language=ja|url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/0000212475_00035.html|publisher=厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)]|access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref>
*'''Sweden''' - Following its sale as a [[designer drug]], LSZ was made illegal in Sweden on 26 January 2016.<ref>(in Swedish) Folkhälsomyndigheten. | https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2016/januari/31-nya-substanser-klassas-som-narkotika-eller-halsofarlig-vara/</ref>
*'''Latvia''': LSZ is illegal in Latvia. Although it isn't officially scheduled, it is controlled as an LSD structural analog due to an amendment made on June 1, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086|title=Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem|publisher=VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis|access-date=January 1, 2020|publication-date=November 10, 2005|language=lv}}</ref>
*'''Sweden''': Following its sale as a [[designer drug]], LSZ was made illegal in Sweden on January 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2016/januari/31-nya-substanser-klassas-som-narkotika-eller-halsofarlig-vara|title=31 nya substanser klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara|publisher=Folkhälsomyndigheten [Public Health Agency of Sweden]|access-date=January 1, 2020|publication-date=January 26, 2016|language=sv}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland''': LSZ is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E. It was added to the list of controlled substances on the December 1, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Turkey:''' LSZ is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref name="Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı - Karar Sayısı : 2016/9712">https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/01/20170112-8.pdf</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': As of January 7, 2015, LSZ is specifically named in the U.K. Misuse of Drugs Act as a Class A drug.<ref name="ACMD2014"></ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Research chemical]]
*[[Lysergamide]]
*[[Lysergamide]]
*[[Psychedelic]]
*[[Psychedelic]]
*[[LSD]]
*[[LSD]]
*[[AL-LAD]]
*[[AL-LAD]]
*[[ETH-LAD]]
*[[1P-LSD]]
*[[1P-LSD]]
==External links==
==External links==
*[https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/lsz/lsz.shtml LSZ (Erowid)]
 
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_2,4-dimethylazetidide LSZ (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_2,4-dimethylazetidide LSZ (Wikipedia)]
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/681365-The-Big-amp-Dandy-LSZ-Thread LSZ (Bluelight)]
*[https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/lsz/lsz.shtml LSZ (Erowid Vault)]
*[http://factsheet.tripsit.me/lsz LSZ (Tripsit)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=5363 LSZ (Isomer Design)]
 
===Discussion===
 
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/681365-The-Big-amp-Dandy-LSZ-Thread The Big & Dandy LSZ Thread (Bluelight)]


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references />
 
[[Category:Substance]]
[[Category:Substance]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Hallucinogen]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
[[Category:Psychedelic]]
[[Category:Lysergamide]]
[[Category:Lysergamide]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Research chemical]]
 
{{#set:Featured=true}}
{{#set:Featured=true}}

Latest revision as of 04:58, 2 December 2022

Summary sheet: LSZ
LSZ
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names LSZ, LA-SS-Az, Diazedine, Lambda
Substitutive name Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide
Systematic name (8β)-8-{[(2S,4S)-2,4-Dimethylazetidin-1-yl]carbonyl}-6-methyl-9,10-didehydroergoline
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Psychedelic
Chemical class Lysergamide
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.



⇣ Oral
Dosage
Threshold 50 µg
Light 100 - 150 µg
Common 150 - 300 µg
Strong 300 - 400 µg
Heavy 400 µg +
Duration
Total 6 - 10 hours
Onset 20 - 60 minutes
Come up 30 - 60 minutes
Peak 3 - 5 hours
Offset 2 - 3 hours
After effects 6 - 24 hours









DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.

Interactions


Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (also known as λ, Lambda, and LSZ) is a synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide chemical class which produces LSD-like psychedelic effects when administered.

In the 2000s, a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University set to develop a rigid analog of LSD with the diethylamide group constrained into an azetidine ring in order to map the binding site at the 5-HT2A receptor.[1]

LSZ has little to no history of human usage prior to 2012 when it appeared on some research chemical markets in the UK.[2] LSZ later gained international popularity through a small cluster of mail-order novel psychedelic shops that appeared in 2012.[3] There have also been several unconfirmed reports of LSZ being synthesized in illicit laboratories and distributed on blotter paper or in liquid solution under names such as "Diazedine" and "λ" (or "Lambda").[4][5]

LSZ is not considered to be addictive or physiologically toxic.[6][7] Nevertheless, adverse psychological reactions such as severe anxiety, paranoia and psychosis are always possible, particularly among those predisposed to mental illness.[8] It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

Chemistry

LSZ, or d-lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide, is a semi-synthethic alkaloid of the lysergamide famiy. It contains a core structure of lysergic acid with an amine functional group bound to RN of the chemical structure. This core polycyclic structure is an indole derivative, and has tryptamine and phenethylamine groups embedded within it.

The structure contains a bicyclic hexahydroindole fused to a bicyclic quinoline group (lysergic acid). At carbon 8 of the quinoline, an amide group is bound. Additionally, the substitutions of the terminal nitrogen atom of the amide group form a 2,4-dimethylazetidide group. LSZ is additionally substituted at carbon 6 with a methyl group.

There are three possible stereoisomers around the azetidine ring with the (S,S)-(+) isomer being the most active. It is slightly more potent than LSD itself in drug discrimination tests using trained rats.[1]

Pharmacology

Further information: Serotonergic psychedelic

LSZ likely acts as a 5-HT2A partial agonist. The psychedelic effects are believed to come from LSZ's efficacy at the 5-HT2A receptors. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.

Subjective effects

 This subjective effects section is a stub.

As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information.

You can help by expanding or correcting it.

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects

Visual effects

Cognitive effects

Auditory effects


Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include:

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.

As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.
Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

Further information: Research chemicals § Toxicity and harm potential, and Responsible use § Hallucinogens

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational LSZ do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because LSZ is a research chemical with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychonaut community who have tried LSZ suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Tolerance and addiction potential

LSZ is not habit-forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.

Tolerance to the effects of LSZ is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 3 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 7 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). LSZ presents cross-tolerance with all psychedelics, meaning that all psychedelics will have a reduced effect after the consumption of LSZ.

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

  • [[Wikipedia:Lithium_(medication)|DangerousInteraction::Lithium]] - Lithium is commonly prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder. There is a large body of anecdotal evidence that suggests taking it with psychedelics significantly increases the risk of psychosis and seizures. As a result, this combination is strictly discouraged.
  • "[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Cannabis may have an unexpectedly strong and unpredictable synergy with the effects of LSZ. Caution is advised with this combination as it can significantly increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions like anxiety, paranoia, panic attacks, and psychosis. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their normal cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid unintentional overdose.
  • "[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Stimulants like amphetamine, cocaine or methylphenidate affect many parts of the brain and alter dopaminergic function. This combination can increase the risk of anxiety, paranoia, panic attacks, and thought loops. This interaction may also result in an elevated risk of mania and psychosis.[citation needed]
  • "[[UnsafeInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Tramadol is well-documented to lower the seizure threshold[9] and psychedelics may act to trigger seizures in susceptible individuals.[citation needed]
  • Denmark: As of August 25, 2015, LSZ is specifically named on the list of illegal substances in Denmark.[10]
  • Germany: LSZ is controlled under the NpSG (New Psychoactive Substances Act)[11] as of July 18, 2019.[12] Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.[13]
  • Japan: LSZ is controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, making it illegal to possess or sell.[14]
  • Latvia: LSZ is illegal in Latvia. Although it isn't officially scheduled, it is controlled as an LSD structural analog due to an amendment made on June 1, 2015.[15]
  • Sweden: Following its sale as a designer drug, LSZ was made illegal in Sweden on January 26, 2016.[16]
  • Switzerland: LSZ is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E. It was added to the list of controlled substances on the December 1, 2015.[17]
  • Turkey: LSZ is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.[18]
  • United Kingdom: As of January 7, 2015, LSZ is specifically named in the U.K. Misuse of Drugs Act as a Class A drug.[2]

See also

Discussion

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nichols, D. E.; Frescas, S.; Marona-Lewicka, D.; Kurrasch-Orbaugh, D. M. (2002). "Lysergamides of Isomeric 2,4-Dimethylazetidines Map the Binding Orientation of the Diethylamide Moiety in the Potent Hallucinogenic Agent N,N-Diethyllysergamide (LSD)". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 45 (19): 4344–4349. doi:10.1021/jm020153s. eISSN 1520-4804. ISSN 0022-2623. OCLC 39480771. PMID 12213075. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) (June 10, 2014). "Update of the generic definition for tryptamines" (PDF). Government Digital Service. p. 12. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  3. ↑ Mike Power (January 29, 2014). "The Drug Revolution That No One Can Stop". Matter. Medium. Retrieved January 7, 2020. 
  4. ↑ Cole, Krystle (2005). Lysergic. Indianapolis: Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 1-59858-007-8. 
  5. ↑ Hamilton Morris (May 1, 2011). "Life Is a Cosmic Giggle on the Breath of the Universe". VICE. Retrieved January 7, 2020. 
  6. ↑ Lüscher, Christian; Ungless, Mark A. (2006). "The Mechanistic Classification of Addictive Drugs". PLOS Medicine. 3 (11). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030437. eISSN 1549-1676. ISSN 1549-1277. PMID 17105338. 
  7. ↑ Nichols, David E. (2016). Barker, Eric L., ed. "Psychedelics". Pharmacological Reviews. 68 (2): 264–355. doi:10.1124/pr.115.011478. eISSN 1521-0081. ISSN 0031-6997. 
  8. ↑ Strassmann, Rick (1984). "Adverse reactions to psychedelic drugs. A review of the literature". Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 172 (10): 577–595. doi:10.1097/00005053-198410000-00001. ISSN 0022-3018. OCLC 1754691. PMID 6384428. 
  9. ↑ Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). "Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. ISSN 1556-9039. 
  10. ↑ "Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer - ni nye stoffer tilføjet" (in dansk). Danish Medicines Ageny. August 31, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  11. ↑ "Anlage NpSG" (in Deutsch). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]. Retrieved December 10, 2019. 
  12. ↑ "Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2019 Teil I Nr. 27 (in Deutsch). Bundesanzeiger Verlag. July 17, 2019. pp. 1083–1094. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  13. ↑ "§ 4 NpSG" (in Deutsch). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]. Retrieved December 10, 2019. 
  14. ↑ "危険ドラッグの成分３物質を新たに指定薬物に指定" (in 日本語). 厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)]. Retrieved December 2, 2022. 
  15. ↑ "Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem" (in latviešu). VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis. November 10, 2005. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  16. ↑ "31 nya substanser klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara" (in svenska). Folkhälsomyndigheten [Public Health Agency of Sweden]. January 26, 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  17. ↑ "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien" (in Deutsch). Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  18. ↑ https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/01/20170112-8.pdf


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