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Talk:Bromazolam

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Dosage ranges and duration of action from the most reliable and up to date resource so far?

Page 8 of their reports on ROA's and dosage seemed most particularly helpful.

Light dosage range is reported to be: (0,5mg-1mg) Common dosage range is reported to be: (1mg-2mg) Strong/heavy dosage range is reported to be:(2mg-4mg+)

"Onset of effects after oral use is estimated to be 15–45 min, and the duration of action is 5–8 h." - WHO Critical Review findings [1]

Fatal overdose may occur when benzodiazepines are combined with other depressants such as opiates, barbiturates, gabapentinoids, thienodiazepines, alcohol or other GABAergic substances.[2]

It is strongly discouraged to combine these substances, particularly in common to heavy doses.

Not to be confused with Flubromazolam.
Summary sheet: Bromazolam
Bromazolam
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names Bromazolam, XLI-268
Substitutive name Bromazolam
Systematic name 8-bromo-6-phenyl-1-methyl-4H-benzo[f] [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1,4]diazepine
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Depressant
Chemical class Benzodiazepine
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.



Oral
Dosage
Threshold 0.50 mg
Light 0.5 - 1.0 mg
Common 1.0 - 2.0 mg
Strong 2.0 - 4.0 mg
Heavy 4.0 mg +
Duration
Total 6 - 20 hours [3]
Onset 15 - 45 minutes
Peak 5 - 8 hours
After effects 1 - 12 hours









DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.


Bromazolam' (also known as Brom, Bromaz, or XLI-268) is a novel depressant of the Chemical class::benzodiazepine class. it produces anxiolytic, disinhibiting, sedative, muscle relaxant, and memory suppressing effects when administered. It is currently Unscheduled in parts of the world, and is sold online as a Research chemical. Bromazolam is the Bromine halogen substitution of Alprazolam and has similar pharmokinetic properties and subjective effects.

Like other benzodiazepines, Bromazolam binds to specific sites on the GABAA receptor.[4] Since it is not available by prescription and is sold online on clearnet and darknet vendors - it is commonly used to self-medicate or for recreational purposes.

Any comments regarding its pharmacology are purely speculation based upon the subjective effects as no formal research is available.

The sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines can be potentially dangerous or life-threatening for individuals using regularly for extended periods of time, sometimes resulting in seizures or death.[5] It is highly recommended to taper one's dose by gradually lowering the amount taken each day for a prolonged period of time instead of stopping abruptly.[6]


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History and culture

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As a result, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

Bromazolam (XLI-268) is a Triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesized in 1976 by Hofman LaRoche, and was developed as a canidate medication, bur was never approved for use, and was never marketed.[7] Bromazolam was first found definitively in Sweden in 2016 by the EMCDDA. Since then, the compound has been detected in products or in biological samples in nine countries: Australia, Austria, China, Finland, Germany, India, and Sweden, the United Kingdom (Wales) and in the USA. Bromazolam is not under international control.

Bromazolam seems to be commonly sold as blue Diazepam pills [8] in the UK.

Chemistry

Comparison between the molecular structures of alprazolam and bromazolam
Chemical Structure Comparison of Alprazolam and Bromazolam. Structures drawn by Kevin G. Shanks (2023).

This chemistry section is incomplete.

You can help by adding to it.

Bromazolam is a halogen substitution of alprazolam, where the Chlorine atom is substituted with a Bromine atom.

Pharmacology

This pharmacology section is incomplete.

You can help by adding to it.

Bromazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesized in 1976, but was never marketed.[1] It has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, first being definitively identified by the EMCDDA in Sweden in 2016.[2] It is the bromo instead of chloro analogue of alprazolam and has similar sedative and anxiolytic effects to it and other benzodiazepines.[3][4] Bromazolam is a non subtype selective agonist at the benzodiazepine (BZD) site of GABAA receptors, with a binding affinity of 2.81nM at the α1 subtype, 0.69nM at α2 and 0.62nM at α5.[5] Benzodiazepines produce a variety of effects by binding to the benzodiazepine receptor site and magnifying the efficiency and effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) by acting on its receptors.[9] Bromazolam is a positive allosteric modulator of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. As this site is the most prolific inhibitory receptor set within the brain, its modulation results in the sedating (or calming effects) of alprazolam on the nervous system. The anticonvulsant properties of benzodiazepines may be, in part or entirely, due to binding to voltage-dependent sodium channels rather than benzodiazepine receptors.[10]

The GABAA receptor is made up of 5 subunits out of a possible 19, and GABAA receptors made up of different combinations of subunits have different properties, different locations within the brain, and, importantly, different activities with regard to benzodiazepines. Bromazolam and other triazolobenzodiazepines such as triazolam that have a triazole ring fused to their diazepine ring appear to have antidepressant properties.[11] This is perhaps due to the similarities shared with tricyclic antidepressants, as they have two benzene rings fused to a diazepine ring.

Subjective effects

This subjective effects section is a stub.

As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information.

You can help by expanding or correcting it.

Bromazolam's headspace is described by some as one of intense sedation, relaxation, anxiety suppression and decreased inhibition. Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.


Physical effects

Visual effects

Cognitive effects

After effects

Experience reports

There are currently 0 experience reports which describe the effects of this substance in our experience index.

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.

As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.
Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.



Tolerance and addiction potential


Dangerous interactions

This dangerous interactions section is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or invalid information. You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

This legality section is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

Bromazolam is unscheduled in most of the world.

Bromazolam is a class c scheduled substance in the UK.[13]

Bromazolam is unscheduled at the federal level in the United States. However a number of states such as Virginia have placed Bromazolam into Schedule 1 [14]. Additionally the substance is covered by the Federal Analogues Act.

Bromazolam is classified as a schedule IV substance under Canadian law.

Bromazolam is regulated in Germany.

See also

Literature

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References

  1. WHO Critical Review Report: Bromazolam(2022)
  2. Risks of Combining Depressants - TripSit 
  3. WHO Critical Review Report: Bromazolam (2022)
  4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303399/
  5. A fatal case of benzodiazepine withdrawal. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19465812
  6. Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain - Appendix B-6: Benzodiazepine Tapering | http://nationalpaincentre.mcmaster.ca/opioid/cgop_b_app_b06.html
  7. Manchester KR, Lomas EC, Waters L, Dempsey FC, Maskell PD (January 2018). "The emergence wiener of new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepines: A review". Drug Testing and Analysis. 10 (1): 37–53. doi:10.1002/dta.2211. PMID 28471096.
  8. https://www.wedinos.org/sample-results
  9. Benzodiazepine interactions with GABA receptors (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6147796
  10. Benzodiazepines, but not beta carbolines, limit high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials of spinal cord neurons in cell culture. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2450203
  11. Barbee JG (October 1993). "Memory, benzodiazepines, and anxiety: integration of theoretical and clinical perspectives". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 54 Suppl (Suppl): 86–97, discussion 98–101. PMID 8262893.
  12. Goyal, Sarita. "Drugs and Dreams." Indian Journal of Clinical Practice (n.d.): n. pag. Web. | http://medind.nic.in/iaa/t13/i3/iaat13i3p624.pdf
  13. https://publichealthscotland.scot/publications/rapid-action-drug-alerts-and-response-radar-alerts/radar-bromazolam-alert-2023/legal-status/#:~:text=In%20the%20UK%2C%20many%20benzodiazepines,be%20due%20to%20international%20control.
  14. https://web.archive.org/web/20230323012949/https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title54.1/chapter34/section54.1-3446/