Escaline
| Escaline | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common names | Escaline | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substitutive name | 3,5-methoxy-4-ethoxyphenethylamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Systematic name | 2-(4-Ethoxy-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-ethylamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Psychoactive class | Psychedelic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical class | Phenethylamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Summary sheet: Escaline |
Escaline, or 3,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug and entheogen of the phenethylamine class of compounds. Escaline was first synthesized and reported in the scientific literature by Benington, et al., in 1954, but was later re-examined in the laboratory of David E. Nichols who prepared a series of mescaline analogues, including proscaline, jimscaline, isoproscaline, and others.
The effects of escaline were first described by Alexander Shulgin in his book PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. He lists the dosage range as 40 mg to 60 mg orally and describes the duration of action to be 8–12 hours.[1] Shulgin states that escaline “differs from mescaline in that the onset of action is quicker (within the first hour) and there is no nausea noted, but otherwise the time course, and much of the qualitative content, is quite similar.”[2]
Chemistry
Escaline, or 3,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxyphenethylamine, is a substituted phenethylamine featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino -NH2 group through an ethyl chain. Escaline contains two methoxy functional groups CH3O- which are attached to carbons R3 and R5 as well as an additional ethoxy group at carbon R4 of the phenyl ring. Escaline is the 4-ethoxy analog of mescaline.
Pharmacology
Escaline's agonist activity at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is known to be 5-8 times greater than that of mescaline. [3][4] The effects of this compound are believed to come from its efficacy at the 5-HT2A receptor as a partial agonist. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.
Subjective effects
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This subjective effects section is a stub. As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding or correcting it. |
In comparison to mescaline, this compound has significantly more negative physical side effects, less insightful cognitive effects and more simplistic or less complex visual effects.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
The negative physical side effects are more intense in comparison to mescaline, resulting in a more synthetic and unnatural feel in general.
- Spontaneous physical sensations
- Stimulation
- Nausea
- Tactile enhancement
- Bodily control enhancement
- Pupil dilation
- Wakefulness
- Increased heart rate
- Muscle spasms
Cognitive effects
Although typical psychedelic cognitive effects are apparent on escaline, they are less insightful and shorter lasting when compared to those found on other classical psychedelics like mescaline, mushrooms or LSD.
- Emotion enhancement
- Increased music appreciation
- Thought acceleration
- Novelty enhancement
- Time distortion
- Déjà vu
- Personal bias suppression
- Conceptual thinking
- Immersion enhancement
- Memory suppression
- Thought loops
- Delusions
- Thought disorganization
- Suggestibility enhancement
- Laughter
- Mindfulness
- Feelings of interdependent opposites
- Spirituality enhancement
Visual effects
Enhancements
Distortions
- Drifting (melting, flowing, breathing and morphing)
- Tracers
- After images
- Symmetrical texture repetition
- Colour shifting
- Scenery slicing
Hallucinatory states
- Transformations
- Internal hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots)
- External hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots)
Auditory effects
Toxicity and harm potential
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational escaline use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because escaline is a research chemical with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychonaut community who have tried escaline suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption. It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug.
Tolerance and addiction potential
Escaline is not habit-forming, and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.
Tolerance to the effects of escaline is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 3 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 7 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Escaline presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all psychedelics]], meaning that after the consumption of escaline all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
Legal issues
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This legality section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it. |
- United States - Escaline is unscheduled in the U.S. but may be illegal via the Federal Analog Act.
- United Kingdom - It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.[5]
See also
External links
References
- ↑ www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal072.shtml | #72 E; ESCALINE
- ↑ https://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/shulgin.pea.sar.hop.html | Psychotomimetic Drugs: Structure-Activity Relationships
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18666267 | Structure-activity relationships of phenylalkylamines as agonist ligands for 5-HT(2A) receptors.
- ↑ https://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/shulgin.pea.sar.hop.html | Psychotomimetic Drugs: Structure-Activity Relationships
- ↑ Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted