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{{SubstanceBox/Yohimbine}}
{{SubstanceBox/Yohimbine}}


'''Yohimbine''' (also known as '''quebrachine''') is a [[naturally-occurring]] [[Psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance derived from the bark of the African tree ''Pausinystalia johimbe''. Yohimbine is the major active constituent of the bark, with the active ingredient being yohimbine hydrochloride. It is a supplement known for its ability to treat erectile dysfunction and help with weight loss.  
'''Yohimbine''' hydrochloride (also known as '''quebrachine''') is a [[naturally-occurring]] [[Psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance derived from the bark of the African tree ''Pausinystalia johimbe''. Yohimbine is the major active constituent of the bark, with the active ingredient being yohimbine hydrochloride. It is commonly used as a fat-burning compound or for to treatment of erectile dysfunction.


Yohimbine is a drug used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of xylazine in dogs and deer. It is used as a research reagent. In the US it is prescribed, but now rarely, for erectile dysfunction in men.
Yohimbine is a drug used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of [[wikipedia:xylazine|xylazine (Wikipedia)]] in dogs and deer. It is used as a research reagent. In the US it is prescribed, but now rarely, for erectile dysfunction in men.


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
Line 16: Line 16:


|{{effects/physical|
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''  
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - Stimulation is especially noticeable once you begin an activity that increase adrenaline output, such as training or intake of another stimulant like [[caffeine]].
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''<ref>Yohimbine and rauwolscine reduce food intake of genetically obese (obob) and lean mice. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6145164</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Headaches]]
*'''[[Effect::Headaches]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]''' - Small doses can increase blood pressure by causing a relatively selective α2 blockade.
*'''[[Effect::Decreased blood pressure]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Decreased blood pressure]]''' - At higher doses an α1 blockade can leading to a drop in blood pressure.
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stamina enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stamina enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Vasoconstriction]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Vasoconstriction]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pain relief]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Vasodilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased salivation]]'''<ref>Evidence for activation of both adrenergic and cholinergic nervous pathways by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7557820</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]'''


}}
}}
|{{effects/cognitive|
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]''' - Yohimbine decrease social anxiety and increased mood. <ref>Yohimbine enhancement of exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24237691</ref><ref>Cognitive Enhancers for Anxiety Disorders (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3114287/</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''<ref>Differential effects of noradrenergic drugs on anxiety and arousal in healthy volunteers with high and low anxiety. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9004342</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Irritability]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Irritability]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Memory enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Memory enhancement]]''' - Yohimbine improve long-term memory by increasing norepinephrine levels.<ref>Stimulation of the noradrenergic system enhances and blockade reduces memory for emotional material in man. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576300</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Motivation enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Motivation enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
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[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Naturally occurring]]
[[Category:Naturally occurring]]
[[Category:Indole]]
[[Category:Tryptamine]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:MAOI]]
[[Category:MAOI]]

Revision as of 06:51, 8 June 2019

This article is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

Summary sheet: Yohimbine

Template:SubstanceBox/Yohimbine

Yohimbine hydrochloride (also known as quebrachine) is a naturally-occurring stimulant substance derived from the bark of the African tree Pausinystalia johimbe. Yohimbine is the major active constituent of the bark, with the active ingredient being yohimbine hydrochloride. It is commonly used as a fat-burning compound or for to treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Yohimbine is a drug used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of xylazine (Wikipedia) in dogs and deer. It is used as a research reagent. In the US it is prescribed, but now rarely, for erectile dysfunction in men.

Chemistry

Pharmacology

Subjective effects

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects

Cognitive effects

Experience reports

There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

Dependence and abuse potential

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.


See also

References

  1. Yohimbine and rauwolscine reduce food intake of genetically obese (obob) and lean mice. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6145164
  2. Evidence for activation of both adrenergic and cholinergic nervous pathways by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7557820
  3. Yohimbine enhancement of exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24237691
  4. Cognitive Enhancers for Anxiety Disorders (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3114287/
  5. Differential effects of noradrenergic drugs on anxiety and arousal in healthy volunteers with high and low anxiety. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9004342
  6. Stimulation of the noradrenergic system enhances and blockade reduces memory for emotional material in man. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576300