Substituted phenidates: Difference between revisions
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Substituted phenidates primarily act as [[reuptake inhibitors]] of the [[monoamine]] [[neurotransmitters]] [[dopamine]], [[norepinephrine]], and to a much lesser degree, [[serotonin]]. One study found that all substituted phenidates inhibited the norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake transporters 4 to >1,000-fold more potently than the serotonin transporter. | Substituted phenidates primarily act as [[reuptake inhibitors]] of the [[monoamine]] [[neurotransmitters]] [[dopamine]], [[norepinephrine]], and to a much lesser degree, [[serotonin]]. One study found that all substituted phenidates inhibited the norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake transporters 4 to >1,000-fold more potently than the serotonin transporter.<ref>Luethi, D., Kaeser, P. J., Brandt, S. D., Krähenbühl, S., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2017). Pharmacological profile of methylphenidate-based designer drugs. Neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.020</ref> | ||
== List of substituted phenidates == | == List of substituted phenidates == | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Phenethylamines]] | *[[Phenethylamines]] | ||
*[[Substituted amphetamine]] | *[[Substituted amphetamine]] | ||
*[[Entactogens]] | *[[Entactogens]] | ||
*[[Stimulants]] | *[[Stimulants]] | ||
==Literature== | |||
* Luethi, D., Kaeser, P. J., Brandt, S. D., Krähenbühl, S., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2017). Pharmacological profile of methylphenidate-based designer drugs. Neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.020 | |||
==References== | |||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Phenidate]] | [[Category:Phenidate]] | ||
Revision as of 15:42, 5 September 2017
Substituted phenidates (also known as phenidates) are a class of chemicals that include compounds that predominantly produce traditional stimulant effects when administered. They may be defined as esters of ritalinic acid and its analogs.
Chemistry
Substituted phenidates are a chemical class based upon the molecule methylphenidate. The molecular structure of methylphenidate is comprised of a phenethylamine core with a carbon chain substitution at the Rα position that links to the RN position, forming a piperidine ring. It also includes a substitution at the Rβ position of methyl acetate.
Pharmacology
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Substituted phenidates primarily act as reuptake inhibitors of the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and to a much lesser degree, serotonin. One study found that all substituted phenidates inhibited the norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake transporters 4 to >1,000-fold more potently than the serotonin transporter.[1]
List of substituted phenidates
| Compound | R3 | R4 | RO | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methylphenidate | H | H | CH3 | 
|
| Ethylphenidate | H | H | CH2CH3 | 
|
| Isopropylphenidate | H | H | CH(CH3)2 | 
|
| Propylphenidate | H | H | CH2CH2CH3 | 
|
| 4-Methylmethylphenidate | H | CH3 | CH3 | 
|
| 3,4-CTMP | Cl | Cl | CH3 | 
|
| 4F-MPH | H | F | CH3 | 
|
| 4F-EPH | H | F | CH2CH3 | 
|
| Methylnaphthidate (HDMP-28) | CH=CH- | CH=CH- | CH3 | 
|
| Ethylnaphthidate (HDEP-28) | CH=CH- | CH=CH- | CH2CH3 | 
|
See also
Literature
- Luethi, D., Kaeser, P. J., Brandt, S. D., Krähenbühl, S., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2017). Pharmacological profile of methylphenidate-based designer drugs. Neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.020
References
- ↑ Luethi, D., Kaeser, P. J., Brandt, S. D., Krähenbühl, S., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2017). Pharmacological profile of methylphenidate-based designer drugs. Neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.020