This is an unofficial archive of PsychonautWiki as of 2025-08-08T03:33:20Z. Content on this page may be outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. Please refer to the original page for the most up-to-date information.
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==Ginkgo Biloba==
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Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of tree native to China. It is the last living species in the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago. Fossils very similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Ginkgo, extend back to the Middle Jurassic approximately 170 million years ago. The tree was cultivated early in human history and remains commonly planted.
==Talk: Ginkgo Biloba==
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{{SummarySheet}}
{{SummarySheet}}
Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of tree native to China used as medicine. The tree was cultivated early in human history and remains commonly planted.
Usually taken orally, as an extract in a capsule or pressed pill, or infusing the leaves in hot water to drink it as a tea.
Adults have used between 120 and 240 milligrams a day in divided doses. It appears to take 4 to 6 weeks before improvements are noticed, also it have an immediate effect.
Ginkgo leaf extract is commonly used as a dietary supplement, but there is no scientific evidence that it supports human health or is effective against any disease.
{{SubstanceBox/Example}}
{{SubstanceBox/Example}}
<!-- Please ensure that any new substance articles are first published in the 'Talk' namespace. For example, a new article on substance XYZ should have the title "Talk: XYZ" instead of "XYZ". Once the submitted article has been reviewed and determined to meet the guidelines and standards, it will be published by a staff member. -->
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For tips on how to properly format a substance article, please refer to this document: [[Content Style Guide - Substance]]
==History and culture==
==History and culture==
The ginkgo leaf is the symbol of the Urasenke school of Japanese tea ceremony. The tree is the official tree of the Japanese capital of Tokyo, and the symbol of Tokyo is a ginkgo leaf. Since 1948, the badge of Tokyo University has been two ginkgo leaves (designed by Shoichi Hoshino), which became the university logo in 2004 with a redesign. The logo of Osaka University has been a simplified ginkgo leaf since 1991 when designer Ikko Tanaka created it for the university's sixtieth anniversary.
{{historyStub}}
{{historyStub}}
==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
{{chemistry}}
{{chemistry}}
The active compounds in ginkgo are Bilobalide, Ginkgoic acid, Ginkgolide-A, Ginkgotoxin (a neurotoxin that in large amounts can cause seizures. Is found in ginkgo seeds and, to a lesser extent, ginkgo leaves), Isorhamnetin, Amentoflavone, Ginkgetin, others...
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{pharmacology}}
{{pharmacology}}
Ginkgo biloba supplements have been shown to increase dopamine levels in animal and test-tube studies.
Both ginkgolides and bilobalide inhibit GABA(A) receptors, with bilobalide demonstrating a more potent effect.
Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE) Restores Serotonin and Leptin Receptor Levels and Plays an Antioxidative Role in the Hippocampus of Ovariectomized Rats.
==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
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You may select physical effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Physical effects|here]].
You may select physical effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Physical effects|here]].
*'''[[Effects::Seizure enhancement]]''' Ginkgotoxin seems to alter a chemical signaling pathway in ways that may trigger epileptic seizures, see Chemistry info.
}}
}}
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You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Cognitive effects|here]].
You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Cognitive effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''It's mild, not comparable to Adderall.
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect2]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Focus enhancement]]'''Mild, not comparable to common stimulants...
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect3]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''Mild.
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety supression]]'''Reduces stress too and improve sleep.
*'''[[Effect::Motivation enhancement]]'''Mild.
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]'''It can help with Erectile Dysfunction because of the improvements in blood flow.
*'''[[Effect::Memory enhancement]]'''Used in Alzheimer desease.
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''Mild' .
}}
}}
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==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{{toxicity}}
{{toxicity}}
Side effects of using ginkgo supplements may include increased risk of bleeding, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and restlessness, but this never happened to me in my experience using an extract daily for a year. Although use of standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts in moderate amounts appears to be safe, excessive use may have undesirable effects, especially in terms of drug interactions. The dosing of anticoagulants, such as warfarin or antiplatelet medication, may be adversely affected by using ginkgo supplements
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
{{decree|type=notice|message=This article is in the 'Talk' namespace because it is an unfinished draft. This section is used to host drafts for unpublished articles as well as discussions for published ones. If you'd like to use this area to discuss this draft, please do so in the 'Discussion' section at the very bottom of the page. This notice will be removed once this draft has been approved for publication by an administrator.}}
{{headerpanel|{{Approval}}}}
==Talk: Ginkgo Biloba==
{{SummarySheet}}
Ginkgo Biloba is
If you are older, have a bleeding disorder or are pregnant, don't take ginkgo. The supplement might increase your risk of bleeding. If you're planning to have surgery, stop taking ginkgo two weeks beforehand.
{{SubstanceBox/Example}}
In an open trial ginkgo biloba, an extract derived from the leaf of the Chinese ginkgo tree and noted for its cerebral enhancing effects, was found to be 84% effective in treating antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction predominately caused by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
<!-- Please ensure that any new substance articles are first published in the 'Talk' namespace. For example, a new article on substance XYZ should have the title "Talk: XYZ" instead of "XYZ". Once the submitted article has been reviewed and determined to meet the guidelines and standards, it will be published by a staff member. -->
There is weak preliminary evidence for ginkgo affecting dementia[70][71] and tardive dyskinesia symptoms in people with schizophrenia.
For tips on how to properly format a substance article, please refer to this document: [[Content Style Guide - Substance]]
Several studies show that ginkgo has a positive effect on memory and thinking in people with Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia.
==History and culture==
{{historyStub}}
==Chemistry==
{{chemistry}}
==Pharmacology==
{{pharmacology}}
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's physical effects may be included here.
You may select physical effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Physical effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Vasodilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Physical effect2]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Physical effect3]]'''
}}
{{effects/visual|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's visual effects may be included here.
You may select visual effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Visual effects|here]].
====Enhancements====
*'''[[Effect::Visual acuity effect1]]'''
====Distortions====
*'''[[Effect::Visual distortion effect1]]'''
====[[Effect::Geometry]]====
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary describing the visual geometry produced by the substance may be included here.
====Hallucinatory states====
If applicable, a brief summary of the substance's visual effects profile may be written here.
*'''[[Effect::Hallucinatory states1]]'''
}}
|{{effects/cognitive|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's cognitive effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Cognitive effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect2]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive effect3]]'''
}}
{{effects/auditory|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's auditory effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of auditory effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Auditory effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Auditory effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory effect2]]'''
}}
{{effects/multisensory|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's multisensory effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of multisensory effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Multisensory effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Multisensory effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Multisensory effect2]]'''
}}
{{effects/transpersonal|
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's transpersonal effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of transpersonal effects to add below [[Subjective effect index#Transpersonal effects|here]].
*'''[[Effect::Transpersonal effect1]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Transpersonal effect2]]'''
}}
}}
===Experience reports===
There are currently {{#ask:[[Category:SUBSTANCE]][[Category:Experience]] | format=count}} experience reports which describe the effects of this substance in our [[experience index]].
* [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_SUBSTANCE.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: SUBSTANCE] <!-- Check the link to see if it exists -->
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{{toxicity}}
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
===Lethal dosage===
===Lethal dosage===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
Latest revision as of 08:52, 26 December 2022
This article is in the 'Talk' namespace because it is an unfinished draft. This section is used to host drafts for unpublished articles as well as discussions for published ones. If you'd like to use this area to discuss this draft, please do so in the 'Discussion' section at the very bottom of the page. This notice will be removed once this draft has been approved for publication by an administrator.
It may contain incorrect information, particularly with respect to dosage, duration, subjective effects, toxicity and other risks. It may also not meet PW style and grammar standards.
Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of tree native to China used as medicine. The tree was cultivated early in human history and remains commonly planted.
Usually taken orally, as an extract in a capsule or pressed pill, or infusing the leaves in hot water to drink it as a tea.
Adults have used between 120 and 240 milligrams a day in divided doses. It appears to take 4 to 6 weeks before improvements are noticed, also it have an immediate effect.
Ginkgo leaf extract is commonly used as a dietary supplement, but there is no scientific evidence that it supports human health or is effective against any disease.
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
History and culture
The ginkgo leaf is the symbol of the Urasenke school of Japanese tea ceremony. The tree is the official tree of the Japanese capital of Tokyo, and the symbol of Tokyo is a ginkgo leaf. Since 1948, the badge of Tokyo University has been two ginkgo leaves (designed by Shoichi Hoshino), which became the university logo in 2004 with a redesign. The logo of Osaka University has been a simplified ginkgo leaf since 1991 when designer Ikko Tanaka created it for the university's sixtieth anniversary.
The active compounds in ginkgo are Bilobalide, Ginkgoic acid, Ginkgolide-A, Ginkgotoxin (a neurotoxin that in large amounts can cause seizures. Is found in ginkgo seeds and, to a lesser extent, ginkgo leaves), Isorhamnetin, Amentoflavone, Ginkgetin, others...
Ginkgo biloba supplements have been shown to increase dopamine levels in animal and test-tube studies.
Both ginkgolides and bilobalide inhibit GABA(A) receptors, with bilobalide demonstrating a more potent effect.
Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE) Restores Serotonin and Leptin Receptor Levels and Plays an Antioxidative Role in the Hippocampus of Ovariectomized Rats.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's physical effects may be included here.
You may select physical effects to add below here.
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's cognitive effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below here.
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's auditory effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of auditory effects to add below here.
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's multisensory effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of multisensory effects to add below here.
If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's transpersonal effects may be included here.
You may select from a list of transpersonal effects to add below here.
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.
As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
Side effects of using ginkgo supplements may include increased risk of bleeding, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and restlessness, but this never happened to me in my experience using an extract daily for a year. Although use of standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts in moderate amounts appears to be safe, excessive use may have undesirable effects, especially in terms of drug interactions. The dosing of anticoagulants, such as warfarin or antiplatelet medication, may be adversely affected by using ginkgo supplements
If you are older, have a bleeding disorder or are pregnant, don't take ginkgo. The supplement might increase your risk of bleeding. If you're planning to have surgery, stop taking ginkgo two weeks beforehand.
In an open trial ginkgo biloba, an extract derived from the leaf of the Chinese ginkgo tree and noted for its cerebral enhancing effects, was found to be 84% effective in treating antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction predominately caused by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
There is weak preliminary evidence for ginkgo affecting dementia[70][71] and tardive dyskinesia symptoms in people with schizophrenia.
Several studies show that ginkgo has a positive effect on memory and thinking in people with Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia.
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
