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'''Eutylone''' (also known as '''β-keto-''N''-methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine''', '''βk-MBDB''', or '''B1''') is a synthetic [[entactogen]] and [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::cathinone]] class. It is the β-keto analog of [[MBDB]] and the substituted methylenedioxy analogue of [[buphedrone]].
'''Eutylone''' (also known as '''β-keto-1,3-benzodioxolyl-''N''-ethylbutanamine''', '''bk-EBDB''', '''''N''-Ethylbutylone''', or '''euty''') is a [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] which has been reported as a novel designer drug and has appeared in 2019 being sold as a designer drug.
As a [[designer drug]], it is commonly sold among [[research chemical]] vendors as a substitute for, or counterfeit of [[MDMA]] and [[methylone]], due to methylone's declining availability on the [[research chemical]] market. Despite behavioral and pharmacological similarities between eutylone and MDMA, the reported subjective effects of the two are not completely identical. Eutylone's effects are often described as being reminiscent of MDMA, but with a shorter duration and weaker effects.<ref name="urlCathinone | Ask Dr. Shulgin Online">{{cite web | url = http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/shulgin/adsarchive/cathinone.htm | title = Cathinone | Ask Dr. Shulgin Online }}</ref>
As a [[designer drug]], it is commonly sold on the street along with [[ethylone]] as a substitute or counterfeit for [[MDMA]] and [[methylone]] (all of which have collectively come to be referred to as "Molly") due to methylone's declining availability on the [[research chemical]] market. However, in spite of behavioral and pharmacological similarities between butylone and MDMA, the observed subjective effects of both substances are not completely identical. <ref name="urlCathinone | Ask Dr. Shulgin Online">{{cite web | url = http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/shulgin/adsarchive/cathinone.htm | title = Cathinone | Ask Dr. Shulgin Online }}</ref>
Subjective effects include [[stimulation]], [[thought acceleration]], [[motivation enhancement]], [[increased libido]], [[appetite suppression]] [[dehydration]], [[dry mouth]] , and [[euphoria]], Euthylone is reported to be less potent than its relatives [[butylone]], [[methylone]] and [[ethylone]] as well as possessing more classic [[stimulant]] as opposed to entactogenic effects.
Subjective effects include [[stimulation]], [[thought acceleration]], [[motivation enhancement]], [[increased libido]], [[appetite suppression]], and [[euphoria]], Butylone is reported to be less potent than its relatives [[methylone]] and [[ethylone]] as well as possessing more classic [[stimulant]] as opposed to entactogenic effects.
Euthylone has a short history of human use and very little data exists about its pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity. It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.
Butylone has a very short history of human use and very little data exists about its pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity. It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.
==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
Butylone, or '''β-keto-''N''-methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine''', is a synthetic molecule of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to amphetamines in that they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional ethyl substitution at R<sub>α</sub>. Cathinones such as butylone are alpha-methylated phenethylamines (i.e. [[amphetamine]]s) but differ from them with the addition of a ketone functional group (a carbonyl group at R<sub>β</sub>). Butylone contains a methyl substitution at R<sub>N</sub>, a substitution which is shared with [[MDEA]], [[ethylone]], [[4-MEC]], and certain other stimulants and entactogens. Additionally, butylone contains substitutions at R<sub>3</sub> and R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring with oxygen groups. These oxygen groups are incorporated into a methylenedioxy ring through a methylene chain. Butylone shares this methylenedioxy ring with [[MDA]], [[MDAI]] and [[MDMA]].
Eutylone is a synthetic substance of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to amphetamines in that they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional ethyl substitution at R{{Sub|α}}. Cathinones such as eutylone are alpha-methylated phenethylamines (i.e. [[amphetamine]]s) but differ from them with the addition of a ketone functional group (a carbonyl group at R<sub>β</sub>).
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
Butylone acts as a mixed [[reuptake inhibitor]]/[[releasing agent]] of [[serotonin]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[dopamine]].<ref>Inhibition of plasma membrane monoamine transporters by beta-ketoamphetamines (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10528135</ref><ref>The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299906013811</ref> These are the [[neurotransmitters]] in charge of pleasure, reward, motivation and focus. This is done by inhibiting the reuptake and reabsorption of the neurotransmitters after they have performed their function of transmitting a neural impulse, essentially allowing them to accumulate and be reused, causing physically stimulating and euphoric effects.
Eutylone acts as a mixed [[reuptake inhibitor]] and [[releasing agent]] of [[serotonin]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[dopamine]].<ref>Inhibition of plasma membrane monoamine transporters by beta-ketoamphetamines (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10528135</ref><ref>The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299906013811</ref> Eutylone modulates these[[neurotransmitters]] in charge of pleasure, reward, motivation and focus. This is done by inhibiting the reuptake and reabsorption of the neurotransmitters back into the cell after they have performed their function of transmitting a neural impulse, essentially allowing them to accumulate and be reused, causing physically stimulating and euphoric effects.
In comparison to [[methylone]], it has approximately over 4x lower affinity for the norepinephrine transporter, while its affinity for the serotonin and dopamine transporters is similar.<ref>"Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro" | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x/pdf</ref><ref>The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299906013811</ref> The results of these differences in pharmacology relative to [[MDMA]] is that butylone, like its close analog [[ethylone]] is less potent in terms of dose, has more balanced [[catecholaminergic]] effects relative to serotonergic, and behaves more like a [[reuptake inhibitor]] like [[methylphenidate]] than a releaser like [[amphetamine]]; however, butylone still has relatively robust releasing capabilities.<ref>"Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro" | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x/pdf</ref>
In comparison to [[methylone]], it has much lower affinity for the norepinephrine transporter, while its affinity for the serotonin and dopamine transporters is similar.<ref>"Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro" | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x/pdf</ref><ref>The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299906013811</ref> Despite this lower affinity, eutylone is a stronger [[reuptake inhibitor]] than [[MDMA]], although it is less potent and has a more balanced [[catecholaminergic]] profile. As a mixed releaser and reuptake inhibitor, it also has relatively robust releasing capabilities.<ref>"Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro" | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x/pdf</ref>
==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
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|{{effects/physical|
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, butylone is commonly considered to be highly stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes butylone a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which butylone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher doses, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes, and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, eutylone is commonly considered to be highly stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes eutylone a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which eutylone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher doses, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes, and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]''' - The "body high" of butylone can be described as a strong euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher doses. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]''' - The "body high" of eutylone can be described as a strong euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher doses. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - At high doses, a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].
*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - At high doses, a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]''' - Feelings of dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with butylone; this effect is a product of an increased heart rate and an extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities. While it is important to avoid becoming dehydrated (especially when out dancing in a hot environment) there have been some users suffering from [[water intoxication]] through over-drinking, so it is advised that users simply sip at water and never over-drink.
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]''' - Feelings of dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with eutylone ; this effect is a product of an increased heart rate and an extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities. While it is important to avoid becoming dehydrated (especially when out dancing in a hot environment) there have been some users suffering from [[water intoxication]] through over-drinking, so it is advised that users simply sip at water and never over-drink.
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' - Higher doses of butylone result in an overall difficulty when it comes to urination. This is an effect that is entirely temporary and harmless. It is due to butylone’s promotion of the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is responsible for regulating urination. This effect can be lessened by simply relaxing, but can be significantly relieved by placing a hot flannel over the genitals to warm them up and encourage blood flow.
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' - Higher doses of eutylone result in an overall difficulty when it comes to urination. This is an effect that is entirely temporary and harmless. It is due to eutyulone's promotion of the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is responsible for regulating urination. This effect can be lessened by simply relaxing, but can be significantly relieved by placing a hot flannel over the genitals to warm them up and encourage blood flow.
The cognitive effects of butylone can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general headspace of butylone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation, light feelings of love or empathy and moderate euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Psychedelics|psychedelic]], [[Entactogens|entactogenic]] and [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.
The cognitive effects of eutylone can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general headspace of eutylone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation, light feelings of love or empathy and moderate euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Psychedelics|psychedelic]], [[Entactogens|entactogenic]] and [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.
The most prominent of these cognitive effects include:
The most prominent of these cognitive effects include:
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within butylone and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release. In comparison to MDMA, it is closer in effects to that of the euphoria felt within [[amphetamine]] and [[mephedrone]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within eutylone and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release. In comparison to MDMA, it is closer in effects to that of the euphoria felt within [[amphetamine]] and [[mephedrone]].
*'''[[Effect::Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement]]''' - Although distinct and powerful in its effects, this particular feeling is less pronounced and therapeutic when compared to that of MDMA. It can be described as less forceful and more internal in its manifestation, resulting in feelings of love and empathy that are not necessarily felt as essential to express to others.
*'''[[Effect::Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement]]''' - Although distinct and powerful in its effects, this particular feeling is less pronounced and therapeutic when compared to that of MDMA. It can be described as less forceful and more internal in its manifestation, resulting in feelings of love and empathy that are not necessarily felt as essential to express to others.
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within butylone and speed up the experience of time quite noticeably.
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within eutylone and speed up the experience of time quite noticeably.
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
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}}
===Experience reports===
===Experience reports===
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found on the subreddit /r/researchchemicals
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational butylone use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because butylone has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried butylone within the community suggests that there do not seem to be strong adverse effects attributed to using this substance at low to moderate doses and sparingly.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational Eutylone use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because Eutylone has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried Eutylone within the community suggests that there do not seem to be strong adverse effects attributed to using this substance at low to moderate doses and sparingly.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of butylone can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of Eutylone can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
Tolerance to many of the effects of butylone [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Butylone presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of butylone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.
Tolerance to many of the effects of eutylone [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Eutylone presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of Eutylone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.
===Psychosis===
===Psychosis===
{{Main|Stimulant psychosis}}
{{Main|Stimulant psychosis}}
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==Legal status==
==Legal status==
{{legalStub}}
{{legalStub}}
*'''Austria''': Butylone is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'').{{citation needed}}
*'''Brazil''': As of September 7, 2018, all cathinone analogues are controlled substances considered illegal to possess, use and distribute. This was made possible due to a blanket ban law appended to Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.<ref>New blanket ban on synthetic illegal drugs is approved (Portuguese) | http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/noticias/-/asset_publisher/FXrpx9qY7FbU/content/combate-a-drogas-ilicitas-sinteticas-fica-mais-facil/219201/pop_up?_101_INSTANCE_FXrpx9qY7FbU_viewMode=print&_101_INSTANCE_FXrpx9qY7FbU_languageId=pt_BR</ref>
*'''Canada''': Butylone is controlled as a Schedule I substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''China''': As of October 2015 butylone is a controlled substance in China.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html | title=关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 | publisher=China Food and Drug Administration | date=27 September 2015 | language=Chinese | accessdate=1 October 2015}}</ref>
*'''Finland''': Butylone is a controlled substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''Germany''': Butylone is controlled under Anlage II BtMG (''Narcotics Act, Schedule II'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_ii.html|title=Anlage II BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of July 26, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?start=%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl112s1639.pdf%27%5D|title=Sechsundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref> It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/__29.html|title=§ 29 BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Israel''': Butylone is a controlled substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''Japan''': Butylone is a controlled substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''Norway''': Butylone is a controlled substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''Poland''': Butylone is a controlled substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''Sweden''': Butylone is a Schedule I controlled substance as of February 1, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lakemedelsverket.se/upload/lvfs/LVFS_2010-1.pdf | title=Föreskrifter om ändring i Läkemedelsverkets föreskrifter (LVFS 1997:12) om förteckningar över narkotika| publisher=Läkemedelsverkets författningssamling|language=Swedish|access-date=December 25, 2019}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': Butylone is a Class B drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the cathinone catch-all clause.<ref>United Kingdom. (2010). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2010/1207). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved February 9, 2018, from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/1207/made</ref>
*'''United States''': Butylone is unscheduled in the United States. However it could be considered an analog of [[methylone]] or [[MDMA]], thus making it illegal under the scope of the Federal Analog Act.{{citation needed}}
It may contain incorrect information, particularly with respect to dosage, duration, subjective effects, toxicity and other risks. It may also not meet PW style and grammar standards.
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Eutylone (also known as β-keto-1,3-benzodioxolyl-N-ethylbutanamine, bk-EBDB, N-Ethylbutylone, or euty) is a stimulant which has been reported as a novel designer drug and has appeared in 2019 being sold as a designer drug.
As a designer drug, it is commonly sold among research chemical vendors as a substitute for, or counterfeit of MDMA and methylone, due to methylone's declining availability on the research chemical market. Despite behavioral and pharmacological similarities between eutylone and MDMA, the reported subjective effects of the two are not completely identical. Eutylone's effects are often described as being reminiscent of MDMA, but with a shorter duration and weaker effects._Ask_Dr._Shulgin_Online-1|[1]
Euthylone has a short history of human use and very little data exists about its pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity. It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
Eutylone is a synthetic substance of the cathinone family. Cathinones are structurally similar to amphetamines in that they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional ethyl substitution at Rα. Cathinones such as eutylone are alpha-methylated phenethylamines (i.e. amphetamines) but differ from them with the addition of a ketone functional group (a carbonyl group at Rβ).
Pharmacology
Eutylone acts as a mixed reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.[2][3] Eutylone modulates theseneurotransmitters in charge of pleasure, reward, motivation and focus. This is done by inhibiting the reuptake and reabsorption of the neurotransmitters back into the cell after they have performed their function of transmitting a neural impulse, essentially allowing them to accumulate and be reused, causing physically stimulating and euphoric effects.
In comparison to methylone, it has much lower affinity for the norepinephrine transporter, while its affinity for the serotonin and dopamine transporters is similar.[4][5] Despite this lower affinity, eutylone is a stronger reuptake inhibitor than MDMA, although it is less potent and has a more balanced catecholaminergic profile. As a mixed releaser and reuptake inhibitor, it also has relatively robust releasing capabilities.[6]
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
Stimulation - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, eutylone is commonly considered to be highly stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes eutylone a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which eutylone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher doses, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes, and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
Spontaneous physical sensations - The "body high" of eutylone can be described as a strong euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher doses. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
Vibrating vision - At high doses, a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as nystagmus.
Dehydration - Feelings of dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with eutylone ; this effect is a product of an increased heart rate and an extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities. While it is important to avoid becoming dehydrated (especially when out dancing in a hot environment) there have been some users suffering from water intoxication through over-drinking, so it is advised that users simply sip at water and never over-drink.
Difficulty urinating - Higher doses of eutylone result in an overall difficulty when it comes to urination. This is an effect that is entirely temporary and harmless. It is due to eutyulone's promotion of the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is responsible for regulating urination. This effect can be lessened by simply relaxing, but can be significantly relieved by placing a hot flannel over the genitals to warm them up and encourage blood flow.
Teeth grinding - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of MDMA.
Cognitive effects
The cognitive effects of eutylone can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general headspace of eutylone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation, light feelings of love or empathy and moderate euphoria. It contains a large number of typical psychedelic, entactogenic and stimulant cognitive effects.
The most prominent of these cognitive effects include:
Cognitive euphoria - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within eutylone and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release. In comparison to MDMA, it is closer in effects to that of the euphoria felt within amphetamine and mephedrone.
Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement - Although distinct and powerful in its effects, this particular feeling is less pronounced and therapeutic when compared to that of MDMA. It can be described as less forceful and more internal in its manifestation, resulting in feelings of love and empathy that are not necessarily felt as essential to express to others.
Time distortion - Strong feelings of time compression are common within eutylone and speed up the experience of time quite noticeably.
The effects which occur during the offset of a stimulant experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its peak. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of neurotransmitter depletion. Its effects commonly include:
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found on the subreddit /r/researchchemicals
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational Eutylone use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because Eutylone has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried Eutylone within the community suggests that there do not seem to be strong adverse effects attributed to using this substance at low to moderate doses and sparingly.
As with other stimulants, the chronic use of Eutylone can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
Tolerance to many of the effects of eutylone develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Eutylone presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all dopaminergicstimulants]], meaning that after the consumption of Eutylone all stimulants will have a reduced effect.
Abuse of compounds within the stimulant class at high dosages for prolonged periods of time can potentially result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, or delusions).[7] A review on treatment for amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely.[8][9] The same review asserts that, based upon at least one trial, antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis.[10] Psychosis very rarely arises from therapeutic use.[11][12]
Dangerous interactions
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
]] & ]] - 25x compounds are highly stimulating and physically straining. Combinations with Eutylone should be strictly avoided due to the risk of excessive stimulation and heart strain. This can result in increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, panic attacks, thought loops, seizures, and heart failure in extreme cases.
]] - Combining alcohol with stimulants can be dangerous due to the risk of accidental over-intoxication. Stimulants mask alcohol's depressant effects, which is what most people use to assess their degree of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the depressant effects will be left unopposed, which can result in blackouts and severe respiratory depression. If mixing, the user should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
]] - Combinations with DXM should be avoided due to its inhibiting effects on serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. There is an increased risk of panic attacks and hypertensive crisis, or serotonin syndrome with serotonin releasers (MDMA, methylone, mephedrone, etc.). Monitor blood pressure carefully and avoid strenuous physical activity.
]] - Any neurotoxic effects of MDMA are likely to be increased when other stimulants are present. There is also a risk of excessive blood pressure and heart strain (cardiotoxicity).
]] - Some reports suggest combinations with MXE may dangerously increase blood pressure and increase the risk of mania and psychosis.
]] - Both classes carry a risk of delusions, mania and psychosis, and these risk may be multiplied when combined.
Combinations with the following substances can cause dangerously high serotonin levels. Serotonin syndrome requires immediate medical attention and can be fatal if left untreated.
↑Hofmann FG (1983). A Handbook on Drug and Alcohol Abuse: The Biomedical Aspects (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 329. ISBN 9780195030570.
↑Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). "Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. eISSN1937-6995. ISSN1556-9039. OCLC163567183.
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