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'''Phenylephrine''' is used as a decongestant sold as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. It is a common ingredient in over-the-counter decongestants in the United States.
'''Phenylephrine''' is used as a decongestant sold as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. It is a common ingredient in over-the-counter decongestants in the United States.
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Phenylephrine was patented in 1927 and came into medical use in 1938. It is available as a generic medication
Phenylephrine was patented in 1927 and came into medical use in 1938. It is available as a generic medication
==Chemistry==
{{chemistry}}
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{pharmacology}}
{{pharmacology}}
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==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{effects/base
{{effects/base
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|{{effects/physical|
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Nasal decongestion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' - Most common when used in eye drops
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Abnormal heartbeat]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Abnormal heartbeat]]''' - This effect is most prevalent in high doses
*'''[[Effect::Headache]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Headache]]''' - This effect is most prevalent in high doses
*'''[[Effect::Skin flushing]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Skin flushing]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]''' - This effect is most prevalent in high doses
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]'''
}}
}}
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*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]''' - This effect is most prevalent in high doses
*'''[[Effect::Insomnia]]''' - This effect is most prevalent in high doses
}}
}}
}}
}}
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It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
===Lethal dosage===
===Lethal dosage===
The median lethal dose of phenylephrine taken orally at which 50% of participants die ([[LD50|LD<sub>50</sub>]]) for rats is 350mg/kg
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
Non-addictive with a low potential of abuse
===Dangerous interactions===
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions}}
{{DangerousInteractions}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
The increase in blood pressure effect of phenylephrine may be increased by drugs such as '''monoamine oxidase inhibitors''', '''tricyclic antidepressants''', and '''hydrocortisone'''. Patients taking these medications may need a lower dose of phenylephrine to achieve a similar increase in blood pressure.
The increase in blood pressure effect of phenylephrine may be increased by drugs such as '''monoamine oxidase inhibitors''', '''tricyclic antidepressants''', and '''hydrocortisone'''. Patients taking these medications may need a lower dose of phenylephrine to achieve a similar increase in blood pressure.
This article is in the 'Talk' namespace because it is an unfinished draft. This section is used to host drafts for unpublished articles as well as discussions for published ones. If you'd like to use this area to discuss this draft, please do so in the 'Discussion' section at the very bottom of the page. This notice will be removed once this draft has been approved for publication by an administrator.
It may contain incorrect information, particularly with respect to dosage, duration, subjective effects, toxicity and other risks. It may also not meet PW style and grammar standards.
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Phenylephrine is used as a decongestant sold as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. It is a common ingredient in over-the-counter decongestants in the United States.
Phenylephrine is used as an alternative to pseudoephedrine as a decongestant, whose availability has been restricted due to a potential for use in the illicit synthesis of Methamphetamine . Its efficacy as an oral decongestant has been questioned, with several independent studies finding that it provided no more relief to sinus congestion than a placebo.
Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic drug, which means that it mimics the actions of epinephrine (commonly known as adrenaline) or norepinephrine. Phenylephrine selectively binds to alpha-1 receptors which causes venous and arterial vasoconstriction.
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.
As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
The increase in blood pressure effect of phenylephrine may be increased by drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and hydrocortisone. Patients taking these medications may need a lower dose of phenylephrine to achieve a similar increase in blood pressure.
Drugs that may decrease the effects of phenylephrine may include calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors and benzodiazepines. Patients taking these medications may need a higher dose of phenylephrine to achieve a comparable increase in blood pressure.
Legal status
Australia: Phenylephrine is a Schedule 2 (Pharmacy medicine) drug.
